Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T19:33:05.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

An agentive non-intentionalist theory of self-deception

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2020

Kevin Lynch*
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China

Abstract

The self-deception debate often appears polarized between those who think that self-deceivers intentionally deceive themselves (‘intentionalists’), and those who think that intentional actions are not significantly involved in the production of self-deceptive beliefs at all. In this paper I develop a middle position between these views, according to which self-deceivers do end up self-deceived as a result of their own intentional actions, but where the intention these actions are done with is not an intention to deceive oneself. This account thus keeps agency at the heart of self-deception, while also avoiding the paradox associated with other agency-centered views.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Journal of Philosophy 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alvarez, Maria. 2010. Kinds of Reasons. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199550005.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bach, Kent. 1981. “An Analysis of Self-Deception.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 41 (3): 351370. 10.2307/2107457CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bermúdez, J. L. 2000. “Self-Deception, Intentions, and Contradictory Beliefs.” Analysis 60 (4): 309319. 10.1093/analys/60.4.309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bratman, Michael. 1992. “Practical Reasoning and Acceptance in a Context.” Mind 101: 116. 10.1093/mind/101.401.1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connolly, Emer. 2008. Lying Eyes and the Hitman for Hire. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.Google Scholar
Davidson, Donald. 1963. “Actions, Reasons, and Causes.” The Journal of Philosophy 60 (23): 685700. 10.2307/2023177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deweese-Boyd, Ian. 2006/2012. “Self-Deception.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/self-deception/.Google Scholar
Ditto, P. H., and Lopez, D. F.. 1992. “Motivated Skepticism: Use of Differential Decision Criteria for Preferred and Nonpreferred Conclusions.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63 (4): 568584. 10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.568CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ditto, P. H., Munro, G. D., Apanovitch, A. M., Scepansky, J. A., and Lockhart, L. K.. 2003. “Spontaneous Skepticism: The Interplay of Motivation and Expectation in Responses to Favorable and Unfavorable Medical Diagnoses.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 29 (9): 11201132. 10.1177/0146167203254536CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernández, Jordi. 2013. “Self-Deception and Self-Knowledge.” Philosophical Studies 162 (2): 379400. 10.1007/s11098-011-9771-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, Dieter. 1981. “The Effect of Negative Feedback about Oneself and Cost of Information on Preferences for Information about the Source of This Feedback.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 17 (1): 4250. 10.1016/0022-1031(81)90005-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, Dieter, and Stahlberg, Dagmar. 1986. “Selection of Information after Receiving More or Less Reliable Self-Threatening Information.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 12: 434441. 10.1177/0146167286124006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hales, S. D. 1994. “Self-Deception and Belief Attribution.” Synthese 101 (2): 273289. 10.1007/BF01064020CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellman, Nathan. 1983. “Bach on Self-Deception.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 44 (1): 113120. 10.2307/2107584CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holton, Brynda, and Pyszczynski, Tom. 1989. “Biased Information Search in the Interpersonal Domain.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 15 (1): 4251. 10.1177/0146167289151004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunda, Ziva. 1987. “Motivated Inference: Self-Serving Generation and Evaluation of Causal Theories.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53 (4): 636647. 10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.636CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunda, Ziva. 1999. Social Cognition: Making Sense of People. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazar, Ariela. 1999. “Deceiving Oneself or Self-Deceived? On the Formation of Beliefs ‘under the Influence’.” Mind 108: 265290. 10.1093/mind/108.430.265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liberman, Akiva, and Chaiken, Shelly. 1992. “Defensive Processing of Personally Relevant Health Messages.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 18 (6): 669679. 10.1177/0146167292186002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lundgren, S. R., and Prislin, Radmila. 1998. “Motivated Cognitive Processing and Attitude Change.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24 (7): 715726. 10.1177/0146167298247004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch, Kevin. 2012. “On the ‘Tension’ Inherent in Self-Deception.” Philosophical Psychology 25 (3): 433450. 10.1080/09515089.2011.622364CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch, Kevin. 2016. “Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception.” Philosophical Studies 173 (2): 505523. 10.1007/s11098-015-0504-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mele, A. R. 1998a. “Noninstrumental Rationalizing.” Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 79 (3): 236250. 10.1111/papq.1998.79.issue-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mele, A. R. 1998b. “Motivated Belief and Agency.” Philosophical Psychology 11 (3): 353369. 10.1080/09515089808573266CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mele, A. R. 2001. Self-Deception Unmasked. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Michel, Christoph, and Newen, Albert. 2010. “Self-Deception as Pseudo-Rational Regulation of Belief.” Consciousness and Cognition 19: 731744. 10.1016/j.concog.2010.06.019CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pyszczynski, Tom, Greenberg, Jeff, and Holt, Kathleen. 1985. “Maintaining Consistency between Self-Serving Beliefs and Available Data.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 11 (2): 179190. 10.1177/0146167285112006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott-Kakures, Dion. 2000. “Motivated Belief: Wishful and Unwelcome.” Noûs 34 (3): 348375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott-Kakures, Dion. 2002. “At ‘Permanent Risk’: Reasoning and Self-Knowledge in Self-Deception.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 65 (3): 577603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D. L. 2014. “Self-Deception: A Teleofunctional Approach.” Philosophia 42 (1): 181199. 10.1007/s11406-013-9464-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szabados, Béla. 1974a. “The Morality of Self-Deception.” Dialogue 13 (01): 2534. 10.1017/S0012217300025117CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szabados, Béla. 1974b. “Self-Deception.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy 4 (1): 5168. 10.1080/00455091.1974.10716921CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szabados, Béla. 1974c. “Rorty on Belief and Self‐Deception.” Inquiry 17 (1-4): 464473. 10.1080/00201747408601734CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talbott, W. J. 1995. “Intentional Self-Deception in a Single Coherent Self.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 55 (1): 2774. 10.2307/2108309CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wyer, R. S., and Frey, Dieter. 1983. “The Effects of Feedback about Self and Others on the Recall and Judgments of Feedback-Relevant Information.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 19 (6): 540559. 10.1016/0022-1031(83)90015-XCrossRefGoogle Scholar