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Emergency department visits for acetaminophen overdose: a Canadian population-based epidemiologic study (1997–2002)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2015

Robert P. Myers ,
Bing Li  and
Abdel Aziz M. Shaheen
Robert P. Myers*
Affiliation:
Liver Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta. Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
Bing Li
Affiliation:
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
Abdel Aziz M. Shaheen
Affiliation:
Liver Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
*
Liver Unit, University of Calgary, G126, 3330 Hospital Dr. N.W., Calgary AB T2N 4N1; [email protected]

Abstract

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Objective:

We describe the epidemiology of emergency department (ED) visits for acetaminophen overdose in a large Canadian health region, with a focus on sociodemographic risk factors and temporal trends.

Methods:

Patients presenting to an ED in the Calgary Health Region (population ~ 1.1 million) for acetaminophen overdose between 1997 and 2002 were identified using regional administrative data.

Results:

A total of 2699 patients made 3015 ED visits for acetaminophen overdose between 1997 and 2002, corresponding to an age- and sex-adjusted incidence of 45.7 per 100 000 population. Alcohol-related disorders were common (19%) and overdose rates were higher in females, younger patients, Aboriginals and social assistance recipients. The incidence decreased from 52.6 per 100 000 in 1997 to 35.1 per 100 000 in 2002 (34% relative reduction; p < 0.0005). When classified according to suicidal intent, the rates of intentional and unintentional overdose (69% and 25% of all overdoses, respectively) showed similar temporal trends. A marked seasonality was observed, with a peak in spring and early summer.

Conclusions:

ED visit rates for acetaminophen overdose fell between 1997 and 2002. High-risk groups, including young females and marginalized populations, may benefit from preventive and educational initiatives.

Keywords

acetaminophendatabaseepidemiologyparacetamolself-injurious behaviour
Type
Original Research • Recherche originale
Information
Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine , Volume 9 , Issue 4 , July 2007 , pp. 267 - 274
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians 2007

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