Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:38:53.875Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Speech through music: the Sino-Tibetan gourd reed-organ

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

Abstract

There is evidence that a particular musical instrument was used by various Sino-Tibetan groups to convey speech, both for courting and for religious purposes. The Proto-Sino-Tibetan etymon for this gourd reed-organ is reconstructible as *s-jan. Its use as a speech surrogate is widely reported, from the earliest sources to the present. It is still used thus by many Tibeto-Burman groups.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Austerlitz, R., ‘Text and melody in Mansi songs’, Current Musicology, 1966, 3757.Google Scholar
Shin, Ba, The Lolcahteikpan, Rangoon, 1962.Google Scholar
Blackmore, M., ‘The rise of Nan-chao in Yünnan’, J. Southeast Asian History, 1960, 1.2, 4761.Google Scholar
Blagden, C. O., ‘The transliteration of Old Burmese inscriptions’, J. Burma Research Society, 1914, 136–39.Google Scholar
Blagden, C. O. and Duroiselle, C., Epigraphia Birmanica, I, 1, Rangoon, 1919.Google Scholar
Bradley, D., Lahu dialects and Proto-Loloish, Ph.D. thesis, University of London, 1975.Google Scholar
Bradley, D.Proto-Loloish tones’, Pacific Linguistics, A49, 1977, 122.Google Scholar
Gutman, P. C., Ancient Aralcan, Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, 1976.Google Scholar
Jäschke, H. A., A Tibetan-English dictionary, London, 1881.Google Scholar
Karlgren, B., Grammata Serica Eecensa, Stockholm, 1957.Google Scholar
Lewis, P. W., ‘Tone in the Akha language’, Anthropological Linguistics, 15.4, 1973, 183–8.Google Scholar
Luce, G. H., ‘The ancient Pyu’, Burma Research Society 50th Anniversary Publication No. 2, Rangoon, 1960, 307–21.Google Scholar
Luce, G. H.‘Man Shu (Book of the Southern Barbarians’), Cornell Southeast Asia Program Data Paper 44, Ithaca, 1962.Google Scholar
Mills, J. D., The Lhota Nâgas, London, 1922.Google Scholar
Pirazzoli-t'Serstevens, M., ‘La civilization du royaume de Dian à l'epoque Han’. Publications de l'Ecole Française d' Extrême-Orient, Paris, XCIV, 1974.Google Scholar
Sebeok, T. A. and Umiker-Sebeok, D. J., Speech surrogates: Drum and whistle systems, The Hague, 1977.Google Scholar
Stern, T., ‘Drum and whistle languages: an analysis of speech surrogates’, American Anthropologist, 57, 1959, 487506.Google Scholar
Tang Histories: Chiu Tang-shu (Old Tang History); Xin Tang-shu (New Tang History).Google Scholar
Twitchett, D. C. and Christie, A. H., ‘A medieval Burmese orchestra’, Asia Major n.s., VII, 1–2, 1959, 176–95.Google Scholar
Yunnan Provincial Museum, Yunnan Jinning Shizhai Shan gumu qun fajue jianbao, Kunming, 1959.Google Scholar