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Roman Catholic Royalists: Papist Commanders Under Charles I and Charles II, 1642–60

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2016

P. R. Newman
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Extract

On 29 May 1660, Anthony Wood purchased a newly-published broadsheet, headed ‘A Catalogue of the Lords, Knights and Gentlemen (of the Catholick Religion) that were Slain in the late Warr in Defence of their King and Country’. It contained in excess of 200 names, and covered not only those who had lost their lives as a result of the Civil Wars, but also those who had lost estates or had been plundered vigorously by enemy forces. It was the first martyrology to greet the restoration of Charles II, preceding by almost three years the pamphlet entitled ‘The Royal Martyrs’ which listed both Catholic and Protestant activists who had suffered in the royal cause. J. C. H. Aveling has stated that ‘After 1660, Catholic peers and gentry all maintained loudly that they had been strong Royalists’, and his implied doubts concerning these claims (he seems to regard allusions in heraldic visitations as largely spurious) reflect the conventional view of those recent scholars who have gone into the matter of Catholic activism.

Type
Articles
Information
British Catholic History , Volume 15 , Issue 3 , May 1980 , pp. 396 - 405
Copyright
Copyright © Catholic Record Society 1980

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References

Notes

1 Clark, A., ed. The Life and Times of Anthony Wood, 2 vols (Oxford, 1891), i, p. 317.Google Scholar

2 British Library, Thomason Tract 669 f. 11 (29).

3 Aveling, J. C. H., The Handle and the Axe (London, 1976), p. 164.Google Scholar

4 ‘Catholic Royalists of Northern England 1642-45’, Northern History, vol. 15 (1979).Google Scholar

5 Manning, B., The English People and the English Revolution (London, 1976), p. 183.Google Scholar

6 Vicars, J., Parliamentary Chronicles, 3 vols (1646), i, pp. 187–90.Google Scholar

7 Ibid., p. 105.

8 Commons Journals, III, p. 328.Google Scholar

9 Vicars, op. cit., ii, p. 234.

10 Lindley, K. J., ‘The Part Played by the Catholics’, in Manning, B., ed. Politics, Religion and the CivilWar (London, 1973).Google Scholar

11 Halley, R., Lancashire: Its Puritanism and Non-Conformity (Manchester, 1872),Google Scholar cited by Lindley, op.cit., p. 164.

12 For Preston's military service, see, for example, Parsons, D., ed. The Diary of Sir Henry Slingsby (London, 1836), pp. 125–6Google Scholar and passim.

13 Lindley, p. 167

14 Aveling, Handle and the Axe.

15 Ibid., p. 169.

16 Ibid., p. 167.

17 Green, M. A. E., Calendar of the Proceedings of the Committee for Compounding, pp. 2446–7.Google Scholar See also Mayo, C. H., ed. The Minute Books of the Dorset Standing Committee (Exeter, 1902), pp. 28, 460.Google Scholar

18 Green, C.C.C., p. 1315. Green, M. A. E., Calendar of the Proceedings of the Committee for Advance of Money, p. 986.Google Scholar

19 See the entry in Dictionary of National Biography.

20 Aveling, J. C. H., Northern Catholics (London, 1966), p. 315.Google Scholar

21 Castlemaine, Roger Palmer, Earl of, The Catholique Apology with a Reply to the Answer, 3rd edn, 1674, pp. 574–83.Google Scholar

22 Malcolm, J. L., ‘A King in Search of Soldiers: Charles I in 1642’, The Historical Journel, vol. 21 (1978), pp. 251–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar An example of the way in which the revisionist argument has been accepted iscontained in Mosler, D. F., ‘Warwickshire Catholics in the Civil War’, Recusant History, vol. 15, No. 4, 1980.Google Scholar This paper presents findings supporting Catholic neutralism which ignore the full range of research materials available.

23 Oliver, G., The History of Exeter (1861).Google Scholar

24 Robert Strickland was not a recusant, but the evidence for his family strongly suggests that he was a church-papist. He was reluctant to involve himself in the direct business of compounding for his mother's recusancy in 1629, the marriage alliances of his children were all with Catholic and recusant families, and his contemporaries entertained doubts concerning him.

25 To be published in spring 1981, by Garlands of New York, as Royalist Officers in England and Wales 1642-1660: A Biographical Dictionary.

26 Until 1641, when he was replaced by Guilford Slingsby as the Queen's secretary, Wintour was very close to the court. See DNB.

27 Blackwood, B. G., The Lancashire Gentry and the Great Rebellion (Manchester, 1978).Google Scholar Dr Blackwood's findings were sound on the whole concerning the degree of activism, but he misinterpreted a document of 1640 as a record of the Royalist army in the Civil War years (p. 66, note 11) and did not pursue his own findings far enough.

28 Roger Whitley's Notebook is Bodleian Library, MS. Eng. hist. e. 309.