Cirencester 1965

P. D. C. Brown; Alan D. McWhirr; C. A. Ralegh Radford

doi:10.1017/S0003581500053270

Cirencester 1965

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 November 2011

P. D. C. Brown ,

Alan D. McWhirr and

C. A. Ralegh Radford

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The 1965 season's excavation at Cirencester was carried out on behalf of the Cirencester Excavation Committee from 12th July to 21st August, with a further extension until 18th September, in order to complete the work begun on the Saxon church. Grants towards the work were received from the Society of Antiquaries of London, Ministry of Public Building and Works, Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, Cirencester Archaeological and Historical Society, and the Haverfield Trust of the University of Oxford, to all of which bodies the committee extends its thanks. Approximately £4,000 was expended during the excavation. Some 200 people took part and, with such large numbers, much depended on the site supervisors without whose experience work on such a large scale would not have been possible. We were relieved of all administrative and financial problems by the unfailing support of Mr. W. A. Blythe, to whom the committee is much indebted for his services. Thanks must also go to the Cirencester Archaeological and Historical Society for much help, and for providing guides throughout the excavation. Donations by the public and purchases from the site stall totalled £250.

Type: Research Article
Information: The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 46 , Issue 2 , September 1966 , pp. 240 - 254

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581500053270 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1966

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^{page 240 note 1} This was made possible by an extra grant from the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 240 note 2} They were Misses A. Bachelier, C. Butcher, M. Hewitt, P. Cullen, and Mr. P. Bellwood, and for short periods Mr. R. Canham. Miss M. Owers looked after the pottery shed and Mr. R. Rumens was in charge of photography.

^{page 240 note 3} In particular Miss J. Barker.

^{page 240 note 4} Organised by Miss D. M. Radway.

^{page 240 note 5} Antiq. Journ. xlv, 97.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 6} Valuable help with the interpretation of the buildings was given by N. Hadcock, F.S.A., R. Gilyard-Beer, F.S.A., Dr. H. M. Taylor, F.S.A., and Professor E. M. Jope, F.S.A.; Professor S. S. Frere, V-P.S.A., and Dr. G. Webster, F.S.A., gave advice on the defence section.

^{page 241 note 1} Equipment was also borrowed from Gloucestershire County Council, Mr. H. Pitts, Newcombe Beard, Camerons Ltd.; The Royal Agricultural College kindly provided a dark room.

^{page 241 note 2} For plan of Corinium see Antiq. Journ. xlv, 98.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 3} As marked on the 1921, 25-inch O.S. map.

^{page 241 note 4} The work was supervised by Mr. P. Broxton.

^{page 241 note 5} Antiq. Journ. xliii, 22.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 6} East side, Antiq. Journ. xli, 67Google Scholar; west side, Antiq. Journ. xliv, 16Google Scholar.

^{page 243 note 1} Antiq. Journ. xliii, 22–23.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 2} Wheeler, R. E. M. and Wheeler, T. V., Verulamium, a Belgic and Two Roman Cities (Oxford, 1936), p. 59.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 3} Ibid., pl. LXXXIII.

^{page 243 note 4} Antiq. Journ. xliii, 23Google Scholar, layers 11, 12 and 18 of fig. 5.

^{page 243 note 5} Ibid. xli, 63.

^{page 243 note 6} Ibid. xliii, 22.

^{page 243 note 7} Ibid. xliv, 16.

^{page 244 note 1} Ibid., p. 63.

^{page 244 note 2} Bulletin No. 4 of the Institute of Archaeology, London, ‘Verulamium—Then and Now’, p. 73.

^{page 244 note 3} Antiq. Journ. xli, 63.Google Scholar Brought to our attention by Miss P. Cullen.

^{page 244 note 4} This was excavated in April 1966. The tower stood with an earth rampart; a narrow wall was added later. Subsequently a wide wall replaced stretches of the narrow wall.

^{page 244 note 5} Arch. Journ. cxii. 26.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 6} Antiq. Journ. xli, 68.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 7} Archaeologia, lxxx, 263.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 8} Antiq. Journ. xlv, 98.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 9} Antiq. Journ. xlv, pl. XLIII.Google Scholar Wall foundations below layer 62 are Roman.

^{page 245 note 1} Similar marks have been observed by Mr. Barry Cunliffe, F.S.A., at Fishbourne.

^{page 245 note 2} Collinson, J., History of Somerset, ii, 191.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 3} The Cartulary of Cirencester Abbey, ed. Ross, C. D., no. 28Google Scholar (cited as The Cartulary).

^{page 246 note 1} We owe this suggestion to Dr. H. M. Taylor.

^{page 248 note 1} We owe the identification of its remains to Dr. Taylor.

^{page 248 note 2} PL XLIIIc. The position of this tombagrees with that of Reinbald as described by Leland. Reinbald was the Dean of thecollege at the time of the Conquest.

^{page 248 note 3} Excavations in April 1966 found a narthex, c. 13 ft. wide, at the west end of the nave, and two further porticus links in the western part of the north aisle. No foundations were found beyond the west wall.

^{page 248 note 4} For a plan of the abbey buildings found in 1965 see Antiq. Journ. xlv, pls. XLI and XLIIGoogle Scholar.

^{page 249 note 1} The dating evidence of the two main periods is based on plan and architectural evidence. When supported by documentary evidence this has been quoted.

^{page 249 note 2} Clapham, A. W., English Romanesque Architecture after the Conquest, 20.Google Scholar

^{page 249 note 3} V.C.H. Hampshire, v, 101.

^{page 249 note 4} Florence of Worcester s.a.

^{page 249 note 5} Hexham Chronicle, in Raine, J., The Priory of Hexham, p. 66Google Scholar.

^{page 249 note 6} The Cartulary, nos. 66 and 67. Probably in the autumn of 1155.

^{page 250 note 1} Chronica Rogeri de Hoveden (Rolls Series li, ii, 101).

^{page 250 note 2} V.C.H. Northamptonshire, ii, 451.

^{page 250 note 3} Coucher Book of Selby Abbey.

^{page 250 note 4} Information from Mr. W. I. Croome, F.S.A. See Arch. Journ., cxxii, 207Google Scholar.

^{page 250 note 5} Antiq. Journ. xlv, 108.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 6} The Cartulary, no. 385.

^{page 251 note 1} Itinerarium Willelmi de Worcestre, ed. Nasmith, J., p. 278.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 2} Ibid. ‘The width of the said church contains with its two aisles 41 paces or 24 yards….’

^{page 251 note 3} Antiq. Journ. xlv, 108.Google Scholar The excavation measurement is of the foundations which probably included a stone bench along the base of the wall.

^{page 251 note 4} Compare last note; the excavation measurements are likely to be too short.

^{page 251 note 5} Antiq. Journ. xlv, pl. XXXVIII,Google Scholarb, and on plan, pl. XLII, no. 18.

^{page 252 note 1} Clapham, A. W., Lesnes Abbey, 18 and 46–48.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 2} Calendar of Papal Letters, iv, 163 and 165.

^{page 252 note 3} Royal Commission on Historical Monuments: Essex I (North-west), pp. 175–8.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 4} Bishop, H. E. and Prideaux, E. K., Building of Exeter Cathedral, 56–60. Antiq. Journ. xxiii, 122–47Google Scholar; xxiv, 10–21.

^{page 252 note 5} Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries, xxvii, 72–73.

^{page 253 note 1} V.C.H. Gloucestershire, ii, 82. quoting the Episcopal Register of Bishop Bransford.

^{page 253 note 2} Compare with the roof boss from Southwell Chapter house which dates from about 1300. Webb, G.H., English Medieval Architecture, Pelican, pl. 129Google Scholar.

^{page 253 note 3} Itinerary (ed. Smith, L. Toulmin), i, 128.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 4} The Cartulary, no. 689.

^{page 253 note 5} The Cartulary, no. 327, cf. no. 326 n.

^{page 253 note 6} Register of Geoffrey Giffard, Bishop of Worcester, p. 508.

^{page 254 note 1} Calendar of Patent Rolls 1301–7, p. 46.

^{page 254 note 2} Giffard, 33.

^{page 254 note 3} Giffard, 349.

^{page 254 note 4} Giffard, 494.

^{page 254 note 5} Giffard, 237.

^{page 254 note 6} Giffard, 535.

^{page 254 note 7} Register of William Gainsborough, Bishop of Worcester, p. 172.

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