In re Goering and Others.

Abstract

States — Independence and Self-preservation — Self-defence — Right of.

Territory — Annexation — Annexation of Occupied Territory during War.

Jurisdiction — Extra-territorial Jurisdiction — Jurisdiction of the International Military Tribunal for the Trial of German Major War Criminals.

Individuals — Position in International Law — Rights of Individuals Independent of the Law of the State — Crimes against Humanity.

Laws of War — Binding Force of — Principle of Nullum Crimen Sine Lege — Hague Regulations and Geneva (Prisoners of War) Convention, 1929 — Whether Declaratory of International Law.

War Crimes — Punishment of — Pleas of Superior Orders and of Act of State.

Prisoners of War — Treatment of — Employment of Prisoners of War in Prohibited Work — Geneva (Prisoners of War) Convention, 1929.

Belligerent Occupation — Civilian Inhabitants — Treatment of — Offences against Civilian Inhabitants and Property in Occupied Territory.

Warfare at Sea — Unrestricted Submarine Warfare — Operational Zones — London Naval Agreement of 1930 — Naval Protocol of 1936.

War — In General — The Right of War¹ — War in Violation of Treaties — Aggressive War — Right of Self-defence — General Treaty for the Renunciation of War of 1928 — War Crimes — Punishment of — International Military Tribunal — Constitution and Jurisdiction of — Offences against Civilian Inhabitants and Property in Occupied Territory — Offences against Prisoners of War — Killing of Hostages — Unrestricted Submarine Warfare — Hague Regulations and Geneva (Prisoners of War) Convention, 1929 — Whether Declaratory of International Law — Annexation of Territory during War — Principle of Nullum Crimen Sine Lege — Pleas of Act of State and of Superior Orders.