Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T05:56:39.923Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Systems biology and livestock production

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2013

D. Headon*
Affiliation:
The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
*
Get access

Abstract

The mapping of complete sets of genes, transcripts and proteins from many organisms has prompted the development of new ‘-omic’ technologies for collecting and analysing very large amounts of data. Now that the tools to generate and interrogate such complete data sets are widely used, much of the focus of biological research has begun to turn towards understanding systems as a whole, rather than studying their components in isolation. This very broadly defined systems approach is being deployed across a range of problems and scales of organisation, including many aspects of the animal sciences. Here I review selected examples of this systems approach as applied to poultry and livestock production, product quality and welfare.

Type
Physiology and functional biology of systems
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

This paper is based on a presentation to the joint Annual Conference of the British Society of Animal Science, Animal Science Forum, and the Association for Veterinary Teaching and Research Work, held in Nottingham, UK, from 24 to 25 April 2012.

References

Abbott, U, Asmundson, V 1957. Scaleless, an inherited ectodermal defect in the domestic fowl. Journal of Heredity 48, 6370.Google Scholar
Azoulay, Y, Druyan, S, Yadgary, L, Hadad, Y, Cahaner, A 2011. The viability and performance under hot conditions of featherless broilers versus fully feathered broilers. Poultry Science 90, 1929.Google Scholar
Cahaner, A, Ajuh, J, Siegmund-Schultze, M, Azoulay, Y, Druyan, S, Zárate, AV 2008. Effects of the genetically reduced feather coverage in naked neck and featherless broilers on their performance under hot conditions. Poultry Science 87, 25172527.Google Scholar
Clop, A, Marcq, F, Takeda, H, Pirottin, D, Tordoir, X, Bibe, B, Bouix, J, Caiment, F, Elsen, JM, Eychenne, F, Larzul, C, Laville, E, Meish, F, Milenkovic, D, Tobin, J, Charlier, C, Georges, M 2006. A mutation creating a potential illegitimate microRNA target site in the myostatin gene affects muscularity in sheep. Nature genetics 38, 813818.Google Scholar
Deeb, N, Cahaner, A 2001. Genotype-by-environment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate. 1. The effects of high ambient temperature and naked-neck genotype on lines differing in genetic background. Poultry Science 80, 695702.Google Scholar
Gierer, A, Meinhardt, H 1972. A theory of biological pattern formation. Biological Cybernetics 12, 3039.Google ScholarPubMed
Grobet, L, Martin, LJR, Poncelet, D, Pirottin, D, Brouwers, B, Riquet, J, Schoeberlein, A, Dunner, S, Menissier, F, Massabanda, J, Fries, R, Hanset, R, Georges, M 1997. A deletion in the bovine myostatin gene causes the double-muscled phenotype in cattle. Nature genetics 17, 7174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanrahan, JP, Gregan, SM, Mulsant, P, Mullen, M, Davis, GH, Powell, R, Galloway, SM 2004. Mutations in the genes for oocyte-derived growth factors GDF9 and BMP15 are associated with both increased ovulation rate and sterility in Cambridge and Belclare sheep (Ovis aries). Biology of Reproduction 70, 900909.Google Scholar
Meinhardt, H, Gierer, A 2000. Pattern formation by local self-activation and lateral inhibition. Bioessays 22, 753760.Google Scholar
Merat, P 1986. Potential usefulness of the Na (Naked-Neck) gene in poultry production. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 42, 124142.Google Scholar
Mou, C, Pitel, F, Gourichon, D, Vignoles, F, Tzika, A, Tato, P, Yu, L, Burt, DW, Bed'hom, B, Tixier-Boichard, M, Painter, KJ, Headon, DJ 2011. Cryptic patterning of avian skin confers a developmental facility for loss of neck feathering. PLoS Biol 9, e1001028.Google Scholar
Renaudeau, D, Collin, A, Yahav, S, de Basilio, V, Gourdine, JL, Collier, RJ 2012. Adaptation to hot climate and strategies to alleviate heat stress in livestock production. Animal 6, 707728.Google Scholar
Singh, CV, Kumar, D, Singh, YP 2001. Potential usefulness of the plumage reducing Naked Neck (Na) gene in poultry production at normal and high ambient temperatures. Worlds Poultry Science Journal 57, 139156.Google Scholar
Song, H, Wang, Y, Goetinck, PF 1996. Fibroblast growth factor 2 can replace ectodermal signaling for feather development. Proceedings of National Academy Sciences of United States of America 93, 1024610249.Google Scholar
Turing, AM 1952. The chemical basis of morphogenesis. Phil Trans R Soc Lond Ser B 237, 3772.Google Scholar
Wells, KL, Hadad, Y, Ben-Avraham, D, Hillel, J, Cahaner, A, Headon, DJ 2012. Genome-wide SNP scan of pooled DNA reveals nonsense mutation in FGF20 in the scaleless line of featherless chickens. BMC Genomics 13, 257.Google Scholar
Yalcin, S, Testik, A, Ozkan, S, Settar, P, Celen, F, Cahaner, A 1997. Performance of naked neck and normal broilers in hot, warm, and temperate climates. Poultry Science 76, 930937.Google Scholar