Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T03:18:47.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of α-tocopherol and dietary fat source on some blood and immunological variables in lactating sows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

L. Babinszky ,
D. J. Langhout ,
M. W. A. Verstegen ,
L. A. den Hartog ,
P. Joling  and
M. Nieuwland
L. Babinszky
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands Research Institute for Animal Nutrition, H-2053 Herceghalom, Hungary
D. J. Langhout
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands
M. W. A. Verstegen
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands
L. A. den Hartog
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Nutrition, Agricultural University, Haagsteeg 4, 6708 PM Wageningen, The Netherlands Research Institute for Pig Husbandry, PO Box 83, 5240 AB Rosmalen, The Netherlands
P. Joling
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, Agricultural University, Marijkeweg 40, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands
M. Nieuwland
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, Agricultural University, Marijkeweg 40, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands
Get access

Abstract

Thirty-six 7-month-old gilts were used to study the effects of different levels of a-tocopherol (13, 48, 136 mg/kg food) and different source of fat (50 g/kg sunflower oil or animal fat) in gestation and lactation diets on α-tocopherol concentration in serum, colostrum and milk and on cell-mediated and humoral immune response of lactating sows.

Blood samples were taken from six sows per treatment after farrowing and at weaning (28 days of lactation) and were analysed for α-tocopherol concentration, total number of leucocytes and T- and B-lymphocyte counts. In blood lymphocyte stimulation with concanavaline, lysozyme activity and immunoglobulin concentration were also measured. In milk samples α-tocopherol and immunoglobulin concentration were determined at farrowing and at weaning. It was concluded that a high α-tocopherol level in the sow's diet including either sunflower oil or animal fat increased as expected the serum α-tocopherol concentration (P < 0·05) just after farrowing and at weaning. In colostrum the combination of high α-tocopherol with animal fat gave the highest (P < 0·05) α-tocopherol concentration. At weaning α-tocopherol in milk fat was highest in both fat groups with extra high α-tocopherol in the diet. The cell-mediated immunity of sows as tested were not systematically affected by α-tocopherol supplementation or fat addition to diet. However, the humoral immune system may be affected by the combinations of α-tocopherol and fat given.

Keywords

dietary fatimmune responselactationsowsα-tocopherol
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , April 1991 , pp. 367 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adams, C. R. and Zimmerman, C. R. 1982. Many factors affect pigs' vitamin E needs. Feedstuff's 24: 30–31.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council. 1981. The Nutrient Requirements of Pigs. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Calhoun, M. L. and Brown, E. M. 1975. Hematology and hematopoictic organs. In Diseases of Swine (ed. Dunne, H. W. and Leman, A. D.), pp. 38–71. The Iowa State University Press, Ames, la.Google Scholar
Centraal Veevoederbureau in Nederland (CVB). 1988. [Dutch Feeding Tables.] Centraal Veevoederbureau, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Chavez, E. R. and Patton, K. L. 1986. Response to injectable selenium and vitamin E on reproductive performance of sows receiving a standard commercial diet. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66: 1065–1074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cline, J. H., Mahan, D. C. and Moxon, A. L. 1974. Progeny effects of supplemental vitamin E in sow diets. Journal of Animal Science 39: 974 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Hammerberg, C. and Schurig, G. G. 1986. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against swine leucocytes. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 11: 107–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayek, M. G., Mitchell, G. E., Harmon, R. J., Stahly, T. S., Cromwell, G. L., Tucker, R. E. and Barker, K. B. 1989. Porcine immunoglobulin transfer after prcpartu m treatment with selenium or vitamin E. Journal of Animal Science 67: 1299–1306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
International Standards Organization. 1983. Animal feeding stuffs: Determination of moisture content. (ISO 6496). 1979. Determination of nitrogen content and calculation of crude protein content. (ISO 5983). 1985. Determination of fat by extraction. (ISO 6492).Google Scholar
Joling, P., Vaessen, L. M. B. and Rozing, J. 1983. A two-gene control and responder mechanism regulating PHA responsiveness in rats. Transplantation Proceedings 15: 1616–1619.Google Scholar
LIE, Ø. 1980. Genetic variation in the serum lysozyme activity in cattle. Ada Veterinaria Scandinavica 21: 448–450.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loudenslager, M. J., Ku, P. K., Whetter, P. A., Ullrey, D. E., Whitehair, C. K., Stowe, H. D. and Miller, E. R. 1986. Importance of diet of dam and colostrum to the biological antioxidant status and parenteral iron tolerance of the pig. Journal of Animal Science 63: 1905–1914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malm, A., Pond, W. G., Walker, E. F., Homan, M., Aydin, A. and Kirtland, D. 1976. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E level of the sow gestation diet on reproductive performance and on level of alpha tocophcrol in colostrum, milk and dam and progeny blood serum. Journal of Animal Science 42: 393–399.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mancini, G., Carbonara, O. and Heremans, J. F. 1965. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry 2: 235–254.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manz, U. and Philipp, K. 1981. A method for the routine determination of tocopherols in animal feed and human foodstuffs with the aid of high performance liquid chromatography. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 51: 342–348.Google ScholarPubMed
Miller, R. G. 1986. Physical methods for separation of lymphocyte subpopulations. In Handbook of Experimental Immunology (ed. Weir, D. M., Blackwell, C., Herzenberg, L. A. and Herzenberg, L. A.), pp. 54.1. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.Google Scholar
Nafstad, I. 1965. Studies of hematology and bone marrow morphology in vitamin E-deficient pigs. Pathologia Veterinaria 2: 277–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nederlands Normalisatie-Instituut. 1988. [Cereals, pulses and animal feeding stuffs. Determination of crude fibre content by abbreviated method.] (NEN 5417).Google Scholar
Niyo, Y., Glock, R. D., Ledet, A. E., Ramsey, F. K. and Ewan, R. C. 1980. Effects of intramuscular injections of selenium and vitamin E on peripheral blood and bone marrow of selenium-vitamin E deficient pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 41: 474–478.Google ScholarPubMed
Nockels, C. F. 1983. Vitamin E increases disease resistance. Pig News and Information 4: 289–291.Google Scholar
Nockels, C. F. 1986. Nutrient modulation of the immune system. In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition — 1986 (ed. Haresign, W. and Cole, D. J. A.), pp. 177–192. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pharazyn, A., Hartog, L. A. Den and Aherne, F. X. 1990. Vitamin E and its role in the nutrition of the gilt and sow: a review. Livestock Production Science 24: 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, M. E. 1982. Vitamin E for pigs. The Pigs Veterinary Society Proceedings 9: 178–183.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1985. SAS, User's Guide: Statistics. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Tengerdy, R. P., Heinzerling, R. H. and Nockels, C. F. 1972. Effect of vitamin E on the immune response of hypoxic and normal chickens. Infection and Immunity 5: 987–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ullrey, D. E. 1981. Vitamin E for swine. Journal of Animal Science 53: 1039–1056.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vuilleumier, J. P., Keller, H. E., Gysel, D. and Hunziker, F. 1983. Clinical chemical methods for routine the assessment of the vitamin status in human populations. Part I. The fat-soluble vitamins A and E, and β-carotene. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 53: 265–272.Google Scholar
Young, L. G., Miller, R. B., Edmeades, D. E., Lun, A., Smith, G. C. and King, G. J. 1977. Selenium and vitamin E supplementation of high moisture corn diets for swine reproduction. Journal of Animal Science 45: 1051–1060.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed