Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T14:09:30.315Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Living Standards Capabilities for Elders scale (LSCAPE): adaptation and validation in a sample of Spanish seniors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

Tamara Alhambra-Borrás ,
Ascensión Doñate-Martínez Open the ORCID record for Ascensión Doñate-Martínez [Opens in a new window]  and
Jorge Garcés-Ferrer
Tamara Alhambra-Borrás
Affiliation:
Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Ascensión Doñate-Martínez*
Affiliation:
Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Jorge Garcés-Ferrer
Affiliation:
Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Living standards capabilities are an important determinant of healthy ageing. The Living Standards Capabilities for Elders scale (LSCAPE) is the main instrument available to assess living standards capabilities among older adults based on Sen's Capability Approach. The objectives of this study were: (a) to adapt and validate LSCAPE for use in the Spanish population; (b) to examine the dimensionality, validity and reliability; and (c) to establish the convergent validity of LSCAPE using self-reported measures of quality of life and income. The LSCAPE was administered to 441 Spanish seniors aged 65 and over. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to analyse the dimensionality, validity and reliability. Discriminant and convergent validity of the model were assessed using Average Variance Extracted (AVE). Reliability was shown by Composite Reliability (CR) and Cronbach's alpha. Convergent validity was tested by correlating the LSCAPE scales and sub-scales with the Short-form Health Survey (SF-12) sub-scales. CFA showed that the LSCAPE Six-factor Model fits well to the data, showing Standardised Root Mean Square Residual < 0.09 (0.084), Comparative Fit Index and Tucker–Lewis Index > 0.9 (0.925 and 0.917, respectively). LSCAPE showed also good reliability (CR indices > 0.7) and validity (AVE > 0.5) measures. Finally, LSCAPE had moderate to strong associations with SF-12 sub-scales (>0.6) and a moderate relationship with income (>0.3). Thus, LSCAPE has been demonstrated to be a reliable and valid instrument in measuring living standards capabilities among the Spanish older population.

Keywords

living standards capabilitiesageingolder peoplevalidationreliabilitySen's Capability Approach
Type
Article
Information
Ageing & Society , Volume 41 , Issue 11 , November 2021 , pp. 2527 - 2539
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ajuntament de València (2019) Població major de 64 anys a la ciutat de València 2019. Available at http://www.valencia.es/ayuntamiento/webs/estadistica/Padron/2019/Majors64_2019.pdf.Google Scholar
Akoglu, H (2018) User's guide to correlation coefficients. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine 18, 91–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bérenger, V and Verdier-Chouchane, A (2007) Multidimensional measures of well-being: standard of living and quality of life across countries. World Development 35, 1259–1276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berthoud, R, Blekesaune, M and Hancock, R (2006) Are ‘Poor’ Pensioners ‘Deprived’? (Research Report No. 364). Leeds, UK: Department for Work and Pensions, Corporate Document Services.Google Scholar
Berthoud, R, Blekesaune, M and Hancock, R (2009) Ageing, income and living standards: evidence from the British Household Panel Survey. Ageing & Society 29, 1105–1122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breheny, M, Stephens, C, Alpass, F, Stevenson, B, Carter, K and Yeung, P (2013) Development and validation of a measure of living standards for older people. Social Indicators Research 114, 1035–1048.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breheny, M, Stephens, C, Henricksen, A, Stevenson, B, Carter, K and Alpass, F (2016) Measuring living standards of older people using Sen's Capability Approach: development and validation of the LSCAPE-24 (Living Standards Capabilities for Elders) and LSCAPE-6. Ageing & Society 36, 307–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brislin, RW (1970) Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology 1, 185–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cosco, TD, Prina, AM, Perales, J, Stephan, BC and Brayne, C (2014) Operational definitions of successful aging: a systematic review. International Psychogeriatrics 26, 373–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diener, E, Harter, J and Arora, R (2010) Wealth and happiness across the world: material prosperity predicts life evaluation, whereas psychosocial prosperity predicts positive feeling. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 99, 52–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Douglas, E, Rutherford, A and Bell, D (2017) Pilot study protocol to inform a future longitudinal study of ageing using linked administrative data: Healthy Ageing in Scotland (HAGIS). BMJ Open 7, e018802.Google Scholar
Fergusson, D, Hong, B, Horwood, J, Jensen, J and Travers, P (2001) The Living Standards of Older New Zealanders. Wellington: Ministry of Social Policy.Google Scholar
Finney, SJ and DiStefano, C (2006) Nonnormal and categorical data in structural equation modeling. In Hancock, GR and Mueller, RO (eds), Structural Equation Modeling: A Second Course, 2nd Edn. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing, pp. 439–492.Google Scholar
Fornell, C and Larcker, DF (1981) Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 18, 39–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Generalitat Valenciana (2019) Indicadores sociales de calidad de vida de la Comunitat Valenciana. Edición anual 2019. Available at http://www.pegv.gva.es/es/temas/sociedad/nivelcalidadycondicionesdevida/indicadoressocialesdelacomunitatvalenciana.Google Scholar
Gladman, JRF (2019) Personal growth and development in old age – a clinician's perspective. Age and Ageing 48, 8–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gopinath, M (2018) Thinking about later life: insights from the capability approach. Ageing International 43, 254–264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Groffen, DA, Bosma, H, van der Akker, M, Kempen, GIJM and van Eijk, JTM (2008) Lack of basic and luxury goods and health-related dysfunction in older persons: findings from the longitudinal SMILE study. BMC Public Health 8, 242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hair, JF, Black, WC, Babin, BJ and Anderson, RE (2010) Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th Edn. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Hansen, T, Slagsvold, B and Moum, T (2008) Financial satisfaction in old age: a satisfaction paradox or a result of accumulated wealth? Social Indicators Research 89, 323–347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hu, LT and Bentler, PM (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 6, 1–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, J, Krishnan, V, Hodgson, R, Sathiyandra, S and Templeton, R (2006) New Zealand Living Standards 2004. Wellington: Centre of Social Research and Evaluation, Ministry of Social Development.Google Scholar
Lawton, MP (1983) Environment and other determinants of well-being in older people. The Gerontologist 23, 349–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litwin, H and Sapir, EV (2009) Perceived income adequacy among older adults in 12 countries: findings from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. The Gerontologist 49, 397–406.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Low, G and Molzahn, AE (2007) Predictor of quality of life in old age: a cross-validation study. Research in Nursing & Health 30, 141–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGregor, S and Goldsmith, EB (1998) Expanding our understanding of quality of life, standard of living and well-being. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences 90, 2-6, 22.Google Scholar
Sen, A (1987) The Standard of Living. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sen, A (1992) Inequality Re-examined. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Sen, A (1999) Development as Freedom. New York, NY: Alfred Knopf.Google Scholar
Sen, A (2009) The Idea of Justice. London: Allen Lane.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, DM, Langa, KM, Kabeto, MU and Ubel, PA (2005) Health, wealth and happiness. Psychological Science 16, 663–666.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Solar, O and Irwin, A (2010) A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. World Health Organization, Geneva, Social Determinants of Health Discussion Paper 2 (Policy and Practice).Google Scholar
Stoller, MA and Stoller, EP (2003) Perceived income adequacy among elderly retirees. Journal of Applied Gerontology 22, 230–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vilagut, G, Valderas, JM, Ferrer, M, Garin, O, López-García, E and Alonso, J (2008) Interpretación de los cuestionarios de salud SF-36 y SF-12 en España: componentes físico y mental. Medicina Clínica 130, 726–735.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkinson, LR (2016) Financial strain and mental health among older adults during the Great Recession. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 71B, 745–754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2008) Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity Through Action on Social Determinants of Health. Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241563703_eng.pdf.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) World Report on Ageing and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/world-report-2015/es/.Google Scholar
Yeung, P and Breheny, M (2016) Using the capability approach to understand the determinants of subjective well-being among community-dwelling older people in New Zealand. Age and Ageing 45, 292–298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeung, P and Breheny, M (2019) Quality of life among older people with a disability: the role of purpose in life and capabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 1–11. 10.1080/09638288.2019.1620875.Google ScholarPubMed
Zanjari, N, Sani, MS, Chavoshi, MH, Rafiey, H and Shahboulaghi, FM (2017) Successful aging as a multidimensional concept: an integrative review. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 31, 100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar