Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T17:31:58.793Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Gene-Culture Interactions

Toward an Explanatory Framework

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2019

Heewon Kwon
Affiliation:
University of Hawaii, Manoa
Joni Y. Sasaki
Affiliation:
University of Hawaii, Manoa

Summary

Examining the interconnections between genes and culture is crucial for a more complete understanding of psychological processes. Genetic predispositions may predict different outcomes depending on one's cultural context, and culture may predict different outcomes depending on genetic predispositions - that is, genes and culture interact. Less is understood, however, about how genes and culture interact, or the psychological mechanisms through which gene-culture interactions occur. In this Element, Heewon Kwon and Joni Y. Sasaki review key findings and theories in gene-culture interaction research. They then go on to discuss current issues and future directions in gene-culture research that may illuminate the path toward an explanatory framework.
Get access
Type
Element
Information
Online ISBN: 9781108562140
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication: 07 February 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu-Akel, A., Fischer-Shofty, M., Levkovitz, Y., Decety, J., & Shamay-Tsoory, S. (2014). The role of oxytocin in empathy to the pain of conflictual out-group members among patients with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 44(16), 35233532.Google Scholar
Andersson, C., Törnberg, A., Törnberg, P., Davidson, I., Hovers, E., Belfer-Cohen, A., … & Read, D. W. (2014). An evolutionary developmental approach to cultural evolution. Current Anthropology, 55(2), 154174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bachner-Melman, R., Gritsenko, I., Nemanov, L., Zohar, A. H., Dina, C., & Ebstein, R. P. (2005). Dopaminergic polymorphisms associated with self-report measures of human altruism: a fresh phenotype for the dopamine D4 receptor. Molecular Psychiatry, 10(4), 333.Google Scholar
Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2006). Gene‐environment interaction of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and observed maternal insensitivity predicting externalizing behavior in preschoolers. Developmental Psychobiology: The Journal of the International Society for Developmental Psychobiology, 48(5), 406409.Google Scholar
Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2008). Oxytocin receptor (OXTR) and serotonin transporter (5-HTT) genes associated with observed parenting. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 3, 128134.Google Scholar
Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2011). Differential susceptibility to rearing environment depending on dopamine-related genes: New evidence and a meta-analysis. Development and Psychopathology, 23(1), 3952.Google Scholar
Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Pijlman, F. T., Mesman, J., & Juffer, F. (2008). Experimental evidence for differential susceptibility: dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism (DRD4 VNTR) moderates intervention effects on toddlers’ externalizing behavior in a randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 44(1), 293.Google Scholar
Baron, J. (1997). The illusion of morality as self-interest: A reason to cooperate in social dilemmas. Psychological Science, 8(4), 330335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartz, J. A., Zaki, J., Bolger, N., & Ochsner, K. N. (2011). Social effects of oxytocin in humans: context and person matter. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(7), 301309.Google Scholar
Batson, C. D., Floyd, R. B., Meyer, J. M., & Winner, A. L. (1999). “And who is my neighbor?”: Intrinsic religion as a source of universal compassion. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 445457.Google Scholar
Beevers, C. G., Wells, T. T., Ellis, A. J., & McGeary, J. E. (2009). Association of the serotonin transporter gene promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism with biased attention for emotional stimuli. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(3), 670.Google Scholar
Beja-Pereira, A., Luikart, G., England, P. R., Bradley, D. G., Jann, O. C., Bertorelle, G., … & Erhardt, G. (2003). Gene-culture coevolution between cattle milk protein genes and human lactase genes. Nature Genetics, 35(4), 311.Google Scholar
Belsky, J., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2007). For better and for worse: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(6), 300304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belsky, J. A. Y., Hsieh, K. H., & Crnic, K. (1998). Mothering, fathering, and infant negativity as antecedents of boys’ externalizing problems and inhibition at age 3 years: Differential susceptibility to rearing experience? Development and Psychopathology, 10(2), 301319.Google Scholar
Belsky, J., & Pluess, M. (2009). Beyond diathesis stress: differential susceptibility to environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 885.Google Scholar
Bernhard, R. M., Chaponis, J., Siburian, R., Gallagher, P., Ransohoff, K., Wikler, D., … & Greene, J. D. (2016). Variation in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) is associated with differences in moral judgment. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 11(12), 18721881.Google Scholar
Binder, E. B., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2010). The CRF system, stress, depression and anxiety – insights from human genetic studies. Molecular Psychiatry, 15(6), 574.Google Scholar
Blackson, T. C., Tarter, R. E., Martin, C. S., & Moss, H. B. (1994). Temperament mediates the effects of family history of substance abuse on externalizing and internalizing child behavior. American Journal on Addictions, 3(1), 5866.Google Scholar
Bogin, B., Bragg, J., & Kuzawa, C. (2014). Humans are not cooperative breeders but practice biocultural reproduction. Annals of Human Biology, 41(4), 368380.Google Scholar
Borders, T. F., Curran, G. M., Mattox, R., & Booth, B. M. (2010). Religiousness among at-risk drinkers: Is it prospectively associated with the development or maintenance of an alcohol-use disorder? Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 71(1), 136142.Google Scholar
Boyd, R., Richerson, P. J. (1985). Culture and the Evolutionary Process. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2008). Infant temperament, parenting, and externalizing behavior in first grade: A test of the differential susceptibility hypothesis. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(2), 124131.Google Scholar
Bruner, J. (1990). Culture and human development: A new look. Human Development, 33(6), 344355.Google Scholar
Buil, J. M., Koot, H. M., Olthof, T., Nelson, K. A., & van Lier, P. A. (2015). DRD4 genotype and the developmental link of peer social preference with conduct problems and prosocial behavior across ages 9–12 years. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(7), 13601378.Google Scholar
Bulik-Sullivan, B., Finucane, H. K., Anttila, V., Gusev, A., Day, F. R., Loh, P. R., … & Daly, M. J. (2015). An atlas of genetic correlations across human diseases and traits. Nature Genetics, 47(11), 1236.Google Scholar
Butler, E. A., Lee, T. L., & Gross, J. J. (2007). Emotion regulation and culture: Are the social consequences of emotion suppression culture-specific? Emotion, 7(1), 30.Google Scholar
Bykov, A. (2017). Altruism: New perspectives of research on a classical theme in sociology of morality. Current Sociology, 65(6), 797813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cannon, W. B. (1927). The James-Lange theory of emotions: A critical examination and an alternative theory. The American Journal of Psychology, 39(1/4), 106124.Google Scholar
Caspi, A., McClay, J., Moffitt, T. E., Mill, J., Martin, J., Craig, I. W., … & Poulton, R. (2002). Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science, 297(5582), 851854.Google Scholar
Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Cannon, M., McClay, J., Murray, R., Harrington, H., … & Poulton, R. (2005). Moderation of the effect of adolescent-onset cannabis use on adult psychosis by a functional polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: longitudinal evidence of a gene X environment interaction. Biological Psychiatry, 57(10), 11171127.Google Scholar
Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H., … & Poulton, R. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 301(5631), 386389.Google Scholar
Chartier, K. G., Dick, D. M., Almasy, L., Chan, G., Aliev, F., Schuckit, M. A., … & NurnbergerJr, J. (2016). Interactions between alcohol metabolism genes and religious involvement in association with maximum drinks and alcohol dependence symptoms. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 77(3), 393404.Google Scholar
Chiao, J. Y., & Blizinsky, K. D. (2010). Culture–gene coevolution of individualism–collectivism and the serotonin transporter gene. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 277(1681), 529537.Google Scholar
Chudek, M., & Henrich, J. (2011). Culture–gene coevolution, norm-psychology and the emergence of human prosociality. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 15(5), 218226.Google Scholar
Cialdini, R. B. (1991). Altruism or egoism? That is (still) the question. Psychological Inquiry, 2(2), 124126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1998). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. The Development of Psychiatry and Its Complexity, 116.Google Scholar
Cohen, A. B. (2009). Many forms of culture. American Psychologist, 64, 194204.Google Scholar
Cohen, D., & Nisbett, R. E. (1994). Self-protection and the culture of honor: Explaining southern violence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 551567.Google Scholar
Creanza, N., & Feldman, M. W. (2016). Worldwide genetic and cultural change in human evolution. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, 41, 8592.Google Scholar
Cummings, E. M., El‐Sheikh, M., Kouros, C. D., & Keller, P. S. (2007). Children’s skin conductance reactivity as a mechanism of risk in the context of parental depressive symptoms. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(5), 436445.Google Scholar
Dar-Nimrod, I. (2012). Post-genomics and genetic essentialism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35, 362363.Google Scholar
Dar-Nimrod, I., & Heine, S. J. (2006). Exposure to scientific theories affects women’s math performance. Science, 314, 435.Google Scholar
Dar-Nimrod, I., & Heine, S. J. (2011). Genetic essentialism: On the deceptive determinism of DNA. Psychological Bulletin, 137, 800818.Google Scholar
De Dreu, C. K., Greer, L. L., Van Kleef, G. A., Shalvi, S., & Handgraaf, M. J. (2011). Oxytocin promotes human ethnocentrism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(4), 12621266.Google Scholar
Delgado, M. R. (2007). Reward‐related responses in the human striatum. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1104(1), 7088.Google Scholar
Dreher, J. C., Kohn, P., Kolachana, B., Weinberger, D. R., & Berman, K. F. (2009). Variation in dopamine genes influences responsivity of the human reward system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(2), 617622.Google Scholar
Dressler, W. W., Balieiro, M. C., de Araújo, L. F., Silva, W. A., & dos Santos, J. E. (2016). Culture as a mediator of gene-environment interaction: Cultural consonance, childhood adversity, a 2 A serotonin receptor polymorphism, and depression in urban Brazil. Social Science and Medicine, 161, 109117.Google Scholar
Dressler, W. W., Balieiro, M. C., Ribeiro, R. P., & Santos, J. E. D. (2009). Cultural consonance, a 5HT2A receptor polymorphism, and depressive symptoms: A longitudinal study of gene × culture interaction in urban Brazil. American Journal of Human Biology: The Official Journal of the Human Biology Association, 21(1), 9197.Google Scholar
Eccles, J. C. (1964). Structural features of chemically transmitting synapses. In The Physiology of Synapses (pp. 11–26). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Edlund, M. J., Harris, K. M., Koenig, H. G., Han, X., Sullivan, G., Mattox, R., & Tang, L. (2010). Religiosity and decreased risk of substance use disorders: is the effect mediated by social support or mental health status? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(8), 827836.Google Scholar
Ellis, B. J., Boyce, W. T., Belsky, J., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2011). Differential susceptibility to the environment: An evolutionary–neurodevelopmental theory. Development and Psychopathology, 23(1), 728.Google Scholar
Feldman, M. W., Cavalli-Sforza, L. L., & Peck, J. R. (1985). Gene-culture coevolution: models for the evolution of altruism with cultural transmission. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 82(17), 58145818.Google Scholar
Feldman, M. W., & Laland, K. N. (1996). Gene–culture co-evolutionary theory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 11, 453457.Google Scholar
Ferretti, F., & Adornetti, I. (2014). Biology, culture and coevolution: Religion and language as case studies. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 14(3–4), 305330.Google Scholar
Fincher, C. L., & Thornhill, R. (2012). Parasite-stress promotes in-group assortative sociality: The cases of strong family ties and heightened religiosity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35(2), 6179.Google Scholar
Fincher, C. L., Thornhill, R., Murray, D. R., & Schaller, M. (2008). Pathogen prevalence predicts human cross-cultural variability in individualism/collectivism. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 275(1640), 12791285.Google Scholar
Fischer, A. H. (1999). The role of honour-related vs. individualistic values in conceptualising pride, shame, and anger: Spanish and Dutch cultural prototypes. Cognition and Emotion, 13(2), 149179.Google Scholar
Forbes, E. E., Brown, S. M., Kimak, M., Ferrell, R. E., Manuck, S. B., & Hariri, A. R. (2009). Genetic variation in components of dopamine neurotransmission impacts ventral striatal reactivity associated with impulsivity. Molecular Psychiatry, 14(1), 6070.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forsythe, R., Horowitz, J. L., Savin, N. E., & Sefton, M. (1994). Fairness in simple bargaining experiments. Games and Economic Behavior, 6(3), 347369.Google Scholar
Gardner, W. L., Gabriel, S., & Lee, A. Y. (1999). “I” value freedom, but “we” value relationships: Self-construal priming mirrors cultural differences in judgment. Psychological Science, 10, 321326.Google Scholar
George, L. K., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & McCullough, M. E. (2000). Spirituality and health: What we know, what we need to know. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 102116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gould, S. J., & Lewontin, R. C. (1979). The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 205(1161), 581598.Google Scholar
Grossmann, I., & Jowhari, N. (2018). Cognition and the self: Attempt of an independent close replication of the effects of self-construal priming on spatial memory recall. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 74, 6573.Google Scholar
Gryczynski, J., & Ward, B. W. (2011). Social norms and the relationship between cigarette use and religiosity among adolescents in the United States. Health Education and Behavior, 38(1), 3948.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. G. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 613.Google Scholar
Halldorsdottir, T., & Binder, E. B. (2017). Gene × environment interactions: from molecular mechanisms to behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 68, 215241.Google Scholar
Hankin, B. L., Nederhof, E., Oppenheimer, C. W., Jenness, J., Young, J. F., Abela, J. R. Z., … & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2011). Differential susceptibility in youth: evidence that 5-HTTLPR x positive parenting is associated with positive affect “for better and worse.” Translational Psychiatry, 1(10), e44.Google Scholar
Heine, S. J., Kitayama, S., Lehman, D., Takata, T., Ide, E., Leung, C., & Matsumoto, H. (2001). Divergent consequences of success and failure in Japan and North America: An investigation of self-improving motivations and malleable selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 599615.Google Scholar
Heinz, A., Haszler, A., Keidel, C., Moldenhauer, S., Benedictus, R., & Miller, W. S. (2000). Recent development in aluminium alloys for aerospace applications. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 280(1), 102107.Google Scholar
Henrich, J., Boyd, R., Bowles, S., Camerer, C., Fehr, E., Gintis, H., … & Henrich, N. S. (2005). “Economic man” in cross-cultural perspective: Behavioral experiments in 15 small-scale societies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(6), 795815.Google Scholar
Herskovits, M. J. (1948). Man and His Works: The Science of Cultural Anthropology. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Herskovits, M. J. (1955). Cultural Anthropology. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. Ltd.Google Scholar
Hofstede, G. (1984). Cultural dimensions in management and planning. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 1(2), 8199.Google Scholar
Hong, Y.-Y., Morris, M. W., Chiu, C.-Y., & Benet-Martinez, V. (2000). Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition. American Psychologist, 55, 709720.Google Scholar
Hurley, T. D., & Edenberg, H. J. (2012). Genes encoding enzymes involved in ethanol metabolism. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 34(3), 339.Google Scholar
Ishii, K., Kim, H. S., Sasaki, J. Y., Shinada, M., & Kusumi, I. (2014). Culture modulates sensitivity to the disappearance of facial expressions associated with serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR). Culture and Brain, 2, 7288.Google Scholar
Ishii, K., Miyamoto, Y., Mayama, K., & Niedenthal, P. M. (2011). When your smile fades away: Cultural differences in sensitivity to the disappearance of smiles. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(5), 516522.Google Scholar
Jiang, C., Varnum, M. E., Hou, Y., & Han, S. (2014). Distinct effects of self-construal priming on empathic neural responses in Chinese and Westerners. Social Neuroscience, 9(2), 130138.Google Scholar
Jiang, Y., Bachner-Melman, R., Chew, S. H., & Ebstein, R. P. (2015). Dopamine D4 receptor gene and religious affiliation correlate with dictator game altruism in males and not females: evidence for gender-sensitive gene × culture interaction. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9, 338.Google Scholar
Joireman, J. A., Needham, T. L., & Cummings, A. L. (2002). Relationships between dimensions of attachment and empathy. North American Journal of Psychology, 4(1), 6380.Google Scholar
Jokela, M., Lehtimäki, T., & Keltikangas-Järvinen, L. (2007). The serotonin receptor 2 A gene moderates the influence of parental socioeconomic status on adulthood harm avoidance. Behavior Genetics, 37(4), 567574.Google Scholar
Kan, K.-J., Wicherts, J. M., Dolan, C. V., & van der Maas, H. L. J. (2013). On the nature and nurture of intelligence and specific cognitive abilities: The more heritable, the more culture dependent. Psychological Science, 24, 24202428.Google Scholar
Kim, B. Y., Butt, S. A., Chen, X., Jeng, S. J. J., Nayfeh, H. M., & Wehella-Gamage, D. (2008). U.S. Patent Application No. 11/616,730.Google Scholar
Kim, H., & Markus, H. R. (1999). Deviance or uniqueness, harmony or conformity? A cultural analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(4), 785.Google Scholar
Kim, H., Nasiri, K., & Sasaki, J. Y. (2017). Cultural and genetic influences on emotion: The role of motivational processes in gene–culture interactions. In Church, A. (Ed.) Personality Across Cultures. Santa Barbara: Praeger.Google Scholar
Kim, H. S., & Sasaki, J. Y. (2014). Cultural neuroscience: Biology of the mind in cultural context. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 487514.Google Scholar
Kim, H. S., Sherman, D. K., Mojaverian, T., Sasaki, J. Y., Park, J., Suh, E. M., & Taylor, S. E. (2011). Gene–culture interaction: Oxytocin receptor polymorphism (OXTR) and emotion regulation. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 665672.Google Scholar
Kim, H. S., Sherman, D. K., Sasaki, J. Y., Xu, J., Chu, T. Q., Ryu, C., Suh, E. M., Graham, K., & Taylor, S. E. (2010a). Culture, distress, and oxytocin receptor polymorphism (OXTR) interact to influence emotional support seeking. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 1571715721.Google Scholar
Kim, H. S., Sherman, D. K., & Taylor, S. E. (2008). Culture and social support. American Psychologist, 63, 518526.Google Scholar
Kim, H. S., Sherman, D. K., Taylor, S. E., Sasaki, J. Y., Chu, T. Q., Ryu, C., et al. (2010b). Culture, the serotonin receptor polymorphism (5-HTR1A) and locus of attention. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5, 212218.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S. (2002). Culture and basic psychological processes – toward a system view of culture: comment on Oyserman et al. (2002). Psychological Bulletin, 128(1), 8996.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., & Cohen, D. (Eds.). (2010). Handbook of Cultural Psychology. Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., King, A., Yoon, C., Tompson, S., Huff, S., & Liberzon, I. (2014). The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) moderates cultural difference in independent versus interdependent social orientation. Psychological Science, 25, 11691177.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., & Matsumoto, H. (1995). Culture, self, and emotion: A cultural perspective on “self-conscious” emotions.Google Scholar
Knafo, A., Israel, S., & Ebstein, R. P. (2011). Heritability of children’s prosocial behavior and differential susceptibility to parenting by variation in the dopamine receptor D4 gene. Development and Psychopathology, 23(1), 5367.Google Scholar
Kosfeld, M., Heinrichs, M., Zak, P. J., Fischbacher, U., & Fehr, E. (2005). Oxytocin increases trust in humans. Nature, 435(7042), 673.Google Scholar
Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., & Keltner, D. (2011). Social class as culture: The convergence of resources and rank in the social realm. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 246250.Google Scholar
Kuhnen, U., & Oyserman, D. (2002). Thinking about the self influences thinking in general: Cognitive consequences of salient self-concept. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 492499.Google Scholar
LeClair, J., Janusonis, S., & Kim, H. S. (2014). Gene–culture interactions: a multi-gene approach. Culture and Brain, 2(2), 122140.Google Scholar
LeClair, J., Sasaki, J. Y., Ishii, K., Shinada, M., & Kim, H. S. (2016). Gene–culture interaction: Influence of culture and oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) polymorphism on loneliness. Culture and Brain, 4(1), 2137.Google Scholar
Lesch, K. P., Bengel, D., Heils, A., Sabol, S. Z., Greenberg, B. D., Petri, S., … & Murphy, D. L. (1996). Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region. Science, 274(5292), 15271531.Google Scholar
Leung, A. K.-Y., & Cohen, D. (2011). Within- and between-culture variation: Individual differences and the cultural logics of honor, face, and dignity cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 507526. doi: 10.1037/a0022151Google Scholar
Li, D., & He, L. (2007). Meta-analysis supports association between serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and suicidal behavior. Molecular Psychiatry, 12(1), 47.Google Scholar
Luo, S., Ma, Y., Liu, Y., Li, B., Wang, C., Shi, Z., … & Han, S. (2015). Interaction between oxytocin receptor polymorphism and interdependent culture values on human empathy. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(9), 12731281.Google Scholar
Mackie, D. M. & Smith, E. R. (2014). Intergroup emotions. In Dovidio, J. & Simpson, J. (Eds.) APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (Volume II: Interpersonal Relationships and Group Processes, pp. 263–294). APA Press.Google Scholar
Mackie, D. M., Smith, E. R. & Ray, D. G. (2008). Intergroup emotions and intergroup relations. Personality and Social Psychology Compass, 2, 1866–1880.Google Scholar
Manuck, S. B. (2011). Delay discounting covaries with childhood socioeconomic status as a function of genetic variation in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4). Society for Research in Child Development, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Google Scholar
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224.Google Scholar
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1998). The cultural psychology of personality. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29(1), 6387.Google Scholar
Masuda, T., & Nisbett, R. E. (2001). Attending holistically versus analytically: comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(5), 922.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Takeuchi, S., Andayani, S., Kouznetsova, N., & Krupp, D. (1998). The contribution of individualism vs. collectivism to cross‐national differences in display rules. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 1(2), 147165.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Yoo, S. H., Hirayama, S., & Petrova, G. (2005). Development and validation of a measure of display rule knowledge: the display rule assessment inventory. Emotion, 5(1), 23.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Yoo, S. H., & Nakagawa, S. (2008). Culture, emotion regulation, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(6), 925.Google Scholar
McCullough, M. E., Hoyt, W. T., Larson, D. B., Koenig, H. G., & Thoresen, C. (2000). Religious involvement and mortality: a meta-analytic review. Health Psychology, 19(3), 211.Google Scholar
Meaney, M. J. (2017). Epigenetics and the biology of gene× environment interactions. In Gene-Environment Transactions in Developmental Psychopathology (pp. 5994). Springer, Cham.Google Scholar
Mesquita, B., & Walker, R. (2003). Cultural differences in emotions: A context for interpreting emotional experiences. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41(7), 777793.Google Scholar
Meyer-Lindenberg, A., & Weinberger, D. R. (2006). Intermediate phenotypes and genetic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7(10), 818.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mifflin, H. (2000). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. New York.Google Scholar
Miller, G. (2013). The promise and perils of oxytocin. Science, 339(6117), 267269.Google Scholar
Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Review, 102(2), 246268.Google Scholar
Miyamoto, Y., Nisbett, R. E., & Masuda, T. (2006). Culture and the physical environment: Holistic versus analytic perceptual affordances. Psychological Science, 17(2), 113119.Google Scholar
Monroe, S. M., & Simons, A. D. (1991). Diathesis-stress theories in the context of life stress research: implications for the depressive disorders. Psychological Bulletin, 110(3), 406.Google Scholar
Morrell, F. (1961). Electrophysiological contributions to the neural basis of learning. Physiological Reviews, 41(3), 443494.Google Scholar
Mrazek, A. J., Chiao, J. Y., Blizinsky, K. D., Lun, J., & Gelfand, M. J. (2013). The role of culture–gene coevolution in morality judgment: Examining the interplay between tightness–looseness and allelic variation of the serotonin transporter gene. Culture and Brain, 1(2–4), 100117.Google Scholar
Mullins, N., Power, R. A., Fisher, H. L., Hanscombe, K. B., Euesden, J., Iniesta, R., … & Uher, R. (2016). Polygenic interactions with environmental adversity in the aetiology of major depressive disorder. Psychological Medicine, 46(4), 759770.Google Scholar
Na, J., Grossman, I., Varnum, M. E. W., Kitayama, S., Gonzalez, R., & Nisbett, R. E. (2010). Cultural differences are not always reducible to individual differences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 61926197.Google Scholar
Naumova, O. Y., Hein, S., Suderman, M., Barbot, B., Lee, M., Raefski, A., … & Grigorenko, E. L. (2016). Epigenetic patterns modulate the connection between developmental dynamics of parenting and offspring psychosocial adjustment. Child Development, 87(1), 98110.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108, 291310.Google Scholar
Oak, J. N., Oldenhof, J., & Van Tol, H. H. M. (2000). The dopamine D4 receptor: One decade of research. European Journal of Pharmacology, 405(1), 303327.Google Scholar
Odling-Smee, F. J., Laland, K. N., & Feldman, M. W. (2003). Niche Construction: The Neglected Process in Evolution (Monographs in Population Biology No. 37). Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ogilvie, A. D., Battersby, S., Fink, G., Harmar, A. J., Goodwin, G. M., Bubb, V. J., & Smith, C. D. (1996). Polymorphism in serotonin transporter gene associated with susceptibility to major depression. The Lancet, 347(9003), 731733.Google Scholar
Oishi, S. (2010). The psychology of residential mobility: Implications for the self, social relationships, and well-being. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(1), 521.Google Scholar
Osinsky, R., Reuter, M., Küpper, Y., Schmitz, A., Kozyra, E., Alexander, N., & Hennig, J. (2008). Variation in the serotonin transporter gene modulates selective attention to threat. Emotion, 8(4), 584.Google Scholar
Oyserman, D., & Lee, S. W. S. (2008). Does culture influence what and how we think? Effects of priming individualism and collectivism. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 311342.Google Scholar
Panicker, V., Saravanan, P., Vaidya, B., Evans, J., Hattersley, A. T., Frayling, T. M., & Dayan, C. M. (2009). Common variation in the DIO2 gene predicts baseline psychological well-being and response to combination thyroxine plus triiodothyronine therapy in hypothyroid patients. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 94(5), 16231629.Google Scholar
Pluess, M., & Belsky, J. (2009). Differential susceptibility to rearing experience: The case of childcare. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50(4), 396404.Google Scholar
Pluess, M., & Belsky, J. (2010). Differential susceptibility to parenting and quality child care. Developmental Psychology, 46(2), 379.Google Scholar
Pluess, M., & Belsky, J. (2012). Conceptual issues in psychiatric gene-environment interaction research. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(2), 222223.Google Scholar
Rodrigues, S. M., Saslow, L. R., Garcia, N., John, O. P., Keltner, D. (2009). Oxytocin receptor genetic variation relates to empathy and stress reactivity in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, 2143721441.Google Scholar
Rothbart, M. K., & Ahadi, S. A. (1994). Temperament and the development of personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103(1), 55.Google Scholar
Rothbart, M. K., Posner, M. I., & Hershey, K. L. (2006). Temperament, attention, and developmental psychopathology. Developmental Psychopathology, 2, 465501.Google Scholar
Rothbaum, F., Weisz, J., Pott, M., Miyake, K., & Morelli, G. (2000). Attachment and culture: Security in the United States and Japan. American Psychologist, 55(10), 1093.Google Scholar
Rubinstein, M., Phillips, T. J., Bunzow, J. R., Falzone, T. L., Dziewczapolski, G., Zhang, G.,… Chester, J. A. (1997). Mice lacking dopamine D4 receptors are supersensitive to ethanol, cocaine, and methamphetamine. Cell, 90(6), 9911001.Google Scholar
Rutherford, S. L. (2000). From genotype to phenotype: buffering mechanisms and the storage of genetic information. Bioessays, 22(12), 10951105.Google Scholar
Rutter, M., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2006). Gene–environment interplay and psychopathology: Multiple varieties but real effects. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(3–4), 226261.Google Scholar
Sasaki, J. Y., & Kim, H. S. (2017). Nature, nurture, and their interplay: A review of cultural neuroscience. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 48, 422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sasaki, J. Y., Kim, H. S., Mojaverian, T., Kelley, L. D. S., Park, I. Y., & Janušonis, S. (2013). Religion priming differentially increases prosocial behavior among variants of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8, 209215.Google Scholar
Sasaki, J. Y., & Kim, H. S. (2011). At the intersection of culture and religion: A cultural analysis of religion’s implications for secondary control and social affiliation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(2), 401.Google Scholar
Schild, A. H., Nader, I. W., Pietschnig, J., & Voracek, M. (2014). Ethnicity moderates the association between 5-HTTLPR and national suicide rates. Archives of Suicide Research, 18(1), 113.Google Scholar
Schmitt, J. A., Jorissen, B. L., Sobczak, S., van Boxtel, M. P., Hogervorst, E., Deutz, N. E., et al. (2000). Tryptophan depletion impairs memory consolidation but improves focused attention in healthy young volunteers. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 14, 21–9.Google Scholar
Segall, M. H., Lonner, W. J., & Berry, J. W. (1998). Cross-cultural psychology as a scholarly discipline: On the flowering of culture in behavioral research. American Psychologist, 53(10), 1101.Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 514.Google Scholar
Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2007). God is watching you: Priming god concepts increases prosocial behavior in an anonymous economic game. Psychological Science, 18, 803809.Google Scholar
Shariff, A. F., Willard, A. K., Andersen, T., & Norenzayan, A. (2016). Religious priming: A meta-analysis with a focus on prosociality. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 20(1), 2748.Google Scholar
Sheng, F., Liu, Y., Zhou, B., Zhou, W., & Han, S. (2013). Oxytocin modulates the racial bias in neural responses to others’ suffering. Biological Psychology, 92(2), 380386.Google Scholar
Shweder, R. A. (1991). Thinking through Cultures: Expeditions in Cultural Psychology. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580591.Google Scholar
Snibbe, A. C., & Markus, H. R. (2005). You can’t always get what you want: educational attainment, agency, and choice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(4), 703.Google Scholar
Staub, E. (1978). Positive Social Behavior and Morality, Volume 1: Social and Personal Influences. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Stein, M. B., Schork, N. J., & Gelernter, J. (2008). Gene-by-environment (serotonin transporter and childhood maltreatment) interaction for anxiety sensitivity, an intermediate phenotype for anxiety disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology, 33(2), 312.Google Scholar
Stice, E., Yokum, S., Burger, K., Epstein, L., & Smolen, A. (2012). Multilocus genetic composite reflecting dopamine signaling capacity predicts reward circuitry responsivity. The Journal of Neuroscience, 32, 1009310100.Google Scholar
Stright, A. D., Gallagher, K. C., & Kelley, K. (2008). Infant temperament moderates relations between maternal parenting in early childhood and children’s adjustment in first grade. Child Development, 79(1), 186200.Google Scholar
Suh, E. M. (2002). Culture, identity consistency, and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1378.Google Scholar
Taylor, S. E., Sherman, D. K., Kim, H. S., Jarcho, J., Takagi, K., & Dunagan, M. S. (2004). Culture and social support: Who seeks it and why? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(3), 354.Google Scholar
Timberlake, D. S., Rhee, S. H., Haberstick, B. C., Hopfer, C., Ehringer, M., Lessem, J. M., … & Hewitt, J. K. (2006). The moderating effects of religiosity on the genetic and environmental determinants of smoking initiation. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 8(1), 123133.Google Scholar
Tishkoff, S. A., & Kidd, K. K. (2004). Implications of biogeography of human populations for “race” and medicine. Nature Genetics, 36, S21S27.Google Scholar
Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism‐collectivism and personality. Journal of Personality, 69(6), 907924.Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau. (2017, November) Geographical Mobility: 2016 to 2017 (Table 1) Retrieved from www.census.gov/data/tables/2017/demo/geographic-mobility/cps-2017.htmlGoogle Scholar
van IJzendoorn, M. H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Mesman, J. (2008). Dopamine system genes associated with parenting in the context of daily hassles. Genes, Brain and Behavior, 7(4), 403410.Google Scholar
Walum, H., Waldman, I. D., & Young, L. J. (2016). Statistical and methodological considerations for the interpretation of intranasal oxytocin studies. Biological Psychiatry, 79(3), 251257.Google Scholar
Weaver, I. C., Cervoni, N., Champagne, F. A., D’Alessio, A. C., Sharma, S., Seckl, J. R., … & Meaney, M. J. (2004). Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nature Neuroscience, 7(8), 847.Google Scholar
White, C., Kelly, J. M., Shariff, A., & Norenzayan, A. (2018). Thinking about Karma and God reduces believers’ selfishness in anonymous dictator games. Preprint.Google Scholar
Zannas, A. S., Wiechmann, T., Gassen, N. C., & Binder, E. B. (2016). Gene–stress–epigenetic regulation of FKBP5: clinical and translational implications. Neuropsychopharmacology, 41(1), 261.Google Scholar
Zhong, S., Israel, S., Shalev, I., Xue, H., Ebstein, R. P., & Chew, S. H. (2010). Dopamine D4 receptor gene associated with fairness preference in ultimatum game. PLoS One, 5(11), e13765.Google Scholar
Zuckerman, M. (1999). Diathesis-stress models. In Zuckerman, M., Vulnerability to Psychopathology: A Biosocial Model, pp. 323. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar

Save element to Kindle

To save this element to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Gene-Culture Interactions
Available formats
×

Save element to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Gene-Culture Interactions
Available formats
×

Save element to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Gene-Culture Interactions
Available formats
×