Editors' introduction

Summary

We live in societies which are undergoing rapid social, political and economic change. Since the advent of industrial capitalism in eighteenth-century Europe, traditional forms of life have been swept away or transformed by a continuous process of industrial and political development. The transition from the pre-industrial societies of early modern Europe to the modern industrial order is a process that preoccupied many of the social and political theorists of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Marx, Weber, Durkheim, Comte, Simmel, Tönnies: these and other thinkers have left us with an array of ideas, a diverse corpus of concepts and generalizations, of philosophical assumptions and methodological precepts, which continue to animate debates within the social sciences. Some of the contributions of these earlier thinkers undoubtedly remain relevant today, but in other respects their ideas have been eclipsed both by intellectual criticism and by the course of events. In social and political theory, as in other domains of the social sciences, there is a need for the ongoing renewal and imaginative reconstruction of concepts, assumptions and approaches, in order to take into account, analyse and understand the key characteristics and developmental trends of modern societies.

Among contemporary social theorists who are preoccupied with this activity of reconstruction and renewal, Anthony Giddens stands out as a figure of major significance. Since the early 1970s he has published nearly a dozen books which have had a profound impact on debates within social theory and the social sciences generally.