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Chapter 8 - Oxygen delivery at the deciduoplacental interface

from Section 3: - Uterine vascular environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2010

By
Eric Jauniaux  and
Graham J. Burton
Edited by
Robert Pijnenborg ,
Ivo Brosens  and
Roberto Romero
Robert Pijnenborg
Affiliation:
University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven
Ivo Brosens
Affiliation:
Leuven Institute for Fertility and Embryology
Roberto Romero
Affiliation:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit
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Summary

This chapter reviews the roles and distribution of O2 inside the early human gestational sac and its impact on our understanding of the physiology of O2 metabolism by the fetus during the first and early second trimesters of pregnancy. The mammalian fetus is exposed to major fluctuations in O2 concentration from conception to delivery. The first trimester gestational sac has additional barriers to materno-fetal exchange compared to the definitive placenta of the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Ample dilation of the uteroplacental circulation together with rapid villous angiogenesis are the key factors necessary to adequate placental development and function and subsequent fetal growth. Overall the data have confirmed that the human placenta is not truly hemochorial until the end of the first trimester. Rather it is deciduochorial, being supported by tissue fluids and endometrial secretions.

Keywords

decidual barrier conceptendometrial arteriesfetal blood circulationsplacental vasculaturespiral arteriesplacental bed vasculaturematernal blood circulationshealthy pregnancytrophoblast invasion
Type
Chapter
Information
Placental Bed Disorders
Basic Science and its Translation to Obstetrics
 , pp. 63 - 74
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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