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14 - How does drug abuse interact with familial and developmental factors in the etiology of schizophrenia?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2010

By
Chih-Ken Chen  and
Robin M. Murray
Edited by
Matcheri S. Keshavan ,
James L. Kennedy  and
Robin M. Murray
Chih-Ken Chen
Affiliation:
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
Robin M. Murray
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK
Matcheri S. Keshavan
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
James L. Kennedy
Affiliation:
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto
Robin M. Murray
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, London
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Summary

The environmental risk factors for schizophrenia can be summarized as operating either early in life or later nearer the onset of frank psychosis. This chapter focuses on the role of drug abuse as one of the later factors, and on how it interacts with familial and developmental factors. All the molecular genetic study results discussed are preliminary; both the positive and the negative findings need replication in larger samples. It is likely that certain drugs change the expressions of genes related to neurotransmitter systems such as dopamine or glutamic acid and also for transcription factors, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell adhesion, and the synapse. Recent research suggests that dopamine sensitization may underlie both craving and the onset of drug-associated psychosis. A drug abuser with low liability to psychosis may use psychostimulant drugs regularly for longer periods without developing psychosis or, at worst may have just brief psychotic symptoms.

Keywords

dopamine sensitizationdrug abusemolecular genetic studyschizophreniapsychosis
Type
Chapter
Information
Neurodevelopment and Schizophrenia , pp. 248 - 270
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2004

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