Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- CONTRIBUTORS
- MOHS SURGERY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
- PART I MICROSCOPY AND TISSUE PREPARATION
- PART II INTRODUCTION TO LABORATORY TECHNIQUES
- PART III MICROANATOMY AND NEOPLASTIC DISEASE
- Chap. 11 NORMAL MICROANATOMY: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 12 BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 13 SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 14 UNUSUAL TUMORS: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 15 MOHS FOR MELANOMA
- Chap. 16 TAKING STAGES BEYOND STAGE I
- Chap. 17 PERINEURAL TUMORS
- PART IV SPECIAL TECHNIQUES AND STAINS
- INDEX
- References
Chap. 13 - SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
from PART III - MICROANATOMY AND NEOPLASTIC DISEASE
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 March 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- CONTRIBUTORS
- MOHS SURGERY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
- PART I MICROSCOPY AND TISSUE PREPARATION
- PART II INTRODUCTION TO LABORATORY TECHNIQUES
- PART III MICROANATOMY AND NEOPLASTIC DISEASE
- Chap. 11 NORMAL MICROANATOMY: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 12 BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 13 SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 14 UNUSUAL TUMORS: VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL
- Chap. 15 MOHS FOR MELANOMA
- Chap. 16 TAKING STAGES BEYOND STAGE I
- Chap. 17 PERINEURAL TUMORS
- PART IV SPECIAL TECHNIQUES AND STAINS
- INDEX
- References
Summary
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the second most common human cancer after basal cell carcinoma (BCC), accounting for roughly 20% of all skin cancers. It is the most common cutaneous malignancy in African Americans. Cumulative lifetime risk is approximately 10% in Caucasians, and its increase in prevalence over the last several decades may be attributable to increased ultraviolet light exposure. Risk factors include sun exposure, increased age, arsenical exposure, immune suppression, and genetic instability syndromes including xeroderma pigmentosum. Other etiologic factors associated with the development of SCCs include infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons, aerodigestive tract SCCs associated with smoking and use of chewing tobacco, and the presence of long-standing inflammation in the context of burn wounds, chronic dermatoses, and draining sinus tracts.
Certain dermatoses can provide a background leading to SCC. These include lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, porokeratosis, lichen sclerosis, erythema ab igne, nevus sebaceus, and epidermal nevi. Squamous cell carcinomas may arise from chronic infections including granuloma inguinale, acne conglobata, lymphogranuloma venereum, chronic dissecting cellulitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and chronic deep fungal infections. Epidermolysis bullosa is associated with SCCs of skin, aerodigestive tract, and esophagus.
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of SCCs arising in sun-exposed skin of elderly individuals reflects ultraviolet light–induced mutations of p53 and other tumor suppressor genes, in which a specific CC→TT “fingerprint” mutation is demonstrated.
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- Information
- Mohs Surgery and HistopathologyBeyond the Fundamentals, pp. 109 - 117Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2009