Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T22:55:12.127Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 11 - Myxomas and ossifying fibromyxoid tumor

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2016

Markku Miettinen
Affiliation:
National Cancer Institute, Maryland
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Modern Soft Tissue Pathology
Tumors and Non-Neoplastic Conditions
, pp. 299 - 323
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary Sources

Enzinger, FM. Intramuscular myxoma. Am J Clin Pathol 1965;43:104110.Google Scholar
Kindblom, LG, Stener, B, Angervall, L. Intramuscular myxoma. Cancer 1974;34:17371744.Google Scholar
Miettinen, M, Hockerstedt, K, Reitamo, J, Totterman, S. Intramuscular myxoma: a clinicopathological study of 23 cases. Am J Clin Pathol 1985;84:265272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hashimoto, H, Tsuneyoshi, M, Daimaru, Y, Enjoji, M, Shinohara, N. Intramuscular myxoma: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic study. Cancer 1986;58:740747.Google Scholar
Bancroft, LW, Kransforf, MJ, Menke, DM, O’Connor, MI, Foster, WC. Intramuscular myxoma: characteristic MR imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002;178:12551259.Google Scholar
Murphey, MD, McRae, GA, Fanburg-Smith, JC, et al. Imaging of soft-tissue myxoma with emphasis on CT and MR and comparison of radiologic and pathologic findings. Radiology 2002;225:215224.Google Scholar
Feldman, F. Tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, and fibrous dysplasia. In Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Diseases, Vol 5, 5th edn. Resnick, D (ed.) Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company; 1998.Google Scholar
Wirth, WA, Leavitt, D, Enzinger, FM. Multiple intramuscular myxomas: another extraskeletal manifestation of fibrous dysplasia. Cancer 1971;27:11671173.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ireland, DC, Soule, EH, Ivins, JC. Myxoma of the somatic soft tissues: a report of 58 patients, 3 with multiple tumors and fibrous dysplasia of the bone. Mayo Clin Proc 1973;48:401410.Google Scholar
Szendroi, M, Rahoty, P, Antal, I, Kiss, J. Fibrous dysplasia associated with intramuscular myxoma (Mazabraud’s syndrome): a long-term follow-up of three cases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1998;124:401406.Google Scholar
Faivre, L, Nivelon-Chevallier, A, Kottler, ML, et al. Mazabraud syndrome in two patients: clinical overlap with McCune-Albright syndrome. Am J Med Genet 2001;99:132136.3.0.CO;2-A>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nielsen, GP, O’Connell, JX, Rosenberg, AE. Intramuscular myxoma: a clinicopathologic study of 51 cases with emphasis on hypercellular and hypervascular variants. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:12221227.Google Scholar
van Roggen, JF, McMenamin, ME, Fletcher, CD. Cellular myxoma of soft tissue: a clinicopathologic study of 38 cases confirming indolent behaviour. Histopathology 2001;39:287297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okamoto, S, Hisaoka, M, Ushijima, M, et al. Activating Gs mutation in intramuscular myxomas with and without fibrous dysplasia of bone. Virchows Arch 2000;437:133137.Google Scholar
Malchoff, CD, Reardon, G, Macgillivray, DC, et al. An unusual presentation of McCune–Albright syndrome confirmed by an activating mutation of the Gs alpha-subunit from a bone lesion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;78:803806.Google Scholar
Shenker, A, Weinstein, LS, Sweet, DE, Spiegel, AM. An activating Gs alpha mutation is present in fibrous dysplasia of bone in the McCune-Albright syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:750755.Google Scholar

Secondary Sources

Meis, JM, Enzinger, FM. Juxtaarticular myxoma: a clinical and pathologic study of 65 cases. Hum Pathol 1992;23:639646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minkoff, J, Stecker, S, Irizarry, J, Whiteman, M, Woodhouse, S. Juxtaarticular myxoma: a rare cause of painful restricted motion of the knee. Arthroscopy 2003;19: E6E13.Google Scholar
Sciot, R, Dal Cin, P, Samson, I, Van Den Berghe, H, van Damme, B. Clonal chromosomal changes in juxtaarticular myxoma. Virchows Arch 1999;434:177180.Google Scholar
Okamoto, S, Hisaoka, M, Meis-Kindblom, JM, Kindblom, LG, Hashimoto, H. Juxtaarticular myxoma and intramuscular myxoma are two distinct entities: activating Gs alpha mutation at Arg 201 codon does not occur in juxtaarticular myxoma. Virchows Arch 2002;440:1215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soren, A. Pathogenesis, clinic and treatment of ganglion. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1982;99:247252.Google Scholar
Johnson, WC, Graham, JH, Helwig, EB. Cutaneous myxoid cyst: a clinicopathological and histochemical study. JAMA 1965;191:109116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armijo, M. Mucoid cysts of the fingers: differential diagnosis, ultrastructure, and surgical treatment. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1981;7:317322.Google Scholar
De Berker, D, Lawrence, C. Ganglion of the distal interphalangeal joint (myxoid cyst). Arch Dermatol 2001;137:607610.Google Scholar
Carney, JA, Headington, JT, Su, WP. Cutaneous myxomas: a major component of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity. Arch Dermatol 1986;122:790798.Google Scholar
Carney, JA. Carney complex: the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, endocrine overactivity, and schwannomas. Semin Dermatol 1995;14:9098.Google Scholar
Boikos, SA, Stratakis, CA. Carney complex: the first 20 years. Curr Opin Oncol 2007;19:2429.Google Scholar
Atherton, DJ, Pitcher, DW, Wells, RS, MacDonald, DM. A syndrome of various cutaneous pigmented lesions, myxoid neurofibromata, and atrial myxoma: the NAME syndrome. Br J Dermatol 1980;103:421429.Google Scholar
Koopman, RJJ, Happle, R. Autosomal dominant transmission of the NAME syndrome (nevi, atrial myxoma, mucinosis of the skin and endocrine overactivity). Hum Genet 1991;86:300304.Google Scholar
Rhodes, AR, Silverman, RA, Harrist, TJ, Perez-Atayde, AR. Mucocutaneous lentigines, cardiomucocutaneous myxomas, and multiple blue nevi: the “LAMB” syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 1984;10:7282.Google Scholar
Allen, PW, Dymock, RB, MacCormac, LB. Superficial angiomyxomas with and without epithelial components: report of 30 tumors in 28 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 1988;12:519530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fetsch, JF, Laskin, WB, Tavassoli, FA. Superficial angiomyxoma (cutaneous myxoma): a clinicopathologic study of 17 cases arising in the genital region. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1997;16:325334.Google Scholar
Calonje, E, Guerin, D, McCormick, D, Fletcher, CD. Superficial angiomyxoma: clinicopathologic analysis of a series of distinctive but poorly recognized cutaneous tumors with tendency for recurrence. Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:910917.Google Scholar
Goldstein, MM, Casey, M, Carney, JA, Basson, CT. Molecular genetic diagnosis of the familial myxoma syndrome (Carney complex). Am J Med Genet 1999;86:6265.3.0.CO;2-1>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirschner, LS, Carney, JA, Pack, SD, et al. Mutations of the gene encoding the protein kinase A type I-alpha regulatory subunit in patients with the Carney complex. Nat Genet 2000;26:8992.Google Scholar
Bertherat, J, Horvath, A, Groussin, L, et al. Mutations in regulatory subunit type 1A of cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (PRKAR1A): phenotype analysis in 353 patients and 80 different genotypes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:20852091.Google Scholar
Griffin, KJ, Kirschner, LS, Matyakhina, L, et al. A transgenic mouse bearing an antisense construct of regulatory type subunit type 1A of protein kinase A develops endocrine and other tumours: comparison with Carney complex and other PRKAR1A induced lesions. J Med Genet 2004;41:924931.Google Scholar
Johnson, WC, Helwig, EB. Focal cutaneous mucinosis. Arch Dermatol 1966;93:1320.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilk, M, Schmoeckel, C. Cutaneous focal mucinosis: a histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 11 cases. J Cutan Pathol 1994;21:446452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fetsch, JF, Laskin, WB, Miettinen, M. Superficial acral fibromyxoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 37 cases of a distinctive soft tissue tumor with a predilection for the fingers and toes. Hum Pathol 2001;32:704714.Google Scholar
Al-Daraji, W, Miettinen, M. Superficial acral fibromyxoma: analysis of 27 cases, including four in the heel. J Cutan Pathol 2008;35:10201026.Google Scholar
Hollmann, TJ, Bovée, JV, Fletcher, CD. Digital fibromyxoma (superficial acral fibromyxoma): a detailed characterization of 124 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2012;36:789798.Google Scholar
McNiff, JM, Subtil, A, Cowper, SE, Lazova, R, Glusac, EJ. Cellular digital fibromas: distinctive CD34-positive lesions that may mimic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. J Cutan Pathol 2005;32:413418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perrin, C, Baran, R, Balaguer, T, et al. Onychomatricoma: new clinical and histological features: review of 19 tumors. Am J Dermatopathol 2010;32:18.Google Scholar
Burke, AP, Virmani, R. Cardiac myxoma: a clinicopathologic study. Am J Clin Pathol 1993;100:671680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reynen, K. Cardiac myxomas. N Engl J Med 1995;333:16101617.Google Scholar
Pucci, A, Gagliardotto, P, Zanini, C, et al. Histopathologic and clinical characterization of cardiac myxoma: review of 53 cases from a single institution. Am Heart J 2000;140:134138.Google Scholar
Pinede, L, Duhaut, P, Loire, R. Clinical presentation of left atrial cardiac myxoma: a series of 112 consecutive cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2001;80:159172.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keeling, IM, Oberwalder, P, Anelli-Monti, M, et al. Cardiac myxomas: 24 years of experience in 49 patients. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2002;22:971977.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, JG, Li, YJ, Liu, H, et al. Clinicopathologic analysis of cardiac myxomas: seven years' experience with 61 patients. J Thorac Dis 2012;4:272283.Google Scholar
Edwards, A, Bermudez, C, Plwonka, G, et al. Carney’s syndrome: complex myxomas. Report of four cases and review of the literature. Cardiovasc Surg 2002;10:264275.Google Scholar
Mabuchi, T, Shimizu, M, Ino, H, et al. PRKAR1A gene mutation in patients with cardiac myxoma. Int J Cardiol 2005;102:273277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, Y, Pan, Z, Ji, Y, et al. Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection associated with atrial myxoma. Am J Pathol 2003;163:24072412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grebenc, ML, Rosado-de-Christensen, ML, Green, CE, Burke, AP, Galvin, JR. Cardiac myxoma: imaging features in 83 patients. Radiographics 2002;22:673689.Google Scholar
Jourdan, M, Bataille, R, Seguin, J, et al. Constitutive production of interleukin-6 and immunologic features in cardiac myxomas. Arthritis Rheum 1990;33:398402.Google Scholar
Deshpande, RP, Casselman, F, Bakir, I, et al. Endoscopic cardiac tumor resection. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;83:21422146.Google Scholar
Altundag, MB, Ertas, G, Ucer, AR, et al. Brain metastasis of cardiac myxoma: case report and review of the literature. J Neurooncol 2005;75:181184.Google Scholar
Goldman, BI, Frydman, C, Harpaz, N, Ryan, SF, Loiterman, D. Glandular cardiac myxomas: histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evidence of epithelial differentiation. Cancer 1987;59:17671775.Google Scholar
Johansson, L. Histogenesis of cardiac myxomas: an immunohistochemical study of 19 cases, including one with glandular structures, and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1989;113:735741.Google Scholar
Abenoza, P, Sibley, RK. Cardiac myxoma with glandlike structures: an immunohistochemical study. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1986;110:736739.Google Scholar
Miller, DV, Tazelaar, HD, Handy, JR, Young, DA, Hernandez, JC. Thymoma arising within cardiac myxoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2005;29:12081213.Google Scholar
Terraciano, LM, Mhawech, P, Suess, K, et al. Calretinin as a marker for cardiac myxoma: diagnostic and histogenetic considerations. Am J Clin Pathol 2000;114:754759.Google Scholar
Acebo, E, Val-Bernal, JF, Gomez-Roman, JJ. Thrombomodulin, calretinin and c-kit (CD117) expression in cardiac myxoma. Histol Histopathol 2001;16:10311036.Google Scholar
Pucci, A, Bartoloni, G, Tessitore, E, Carney, JA, Papotti, M. Cytokeratin profile and neuroendocrine cells in the glandular component of cardiac myxoma. Virchows Arch 2003;443:618624.Google Scholar
Chu, PH, Jung, SM, Yet, TS, Lin, HC, Chu, JJ. MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC expressions in cardiac myxoma. Virchows Arch 2005;446:5255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feldman, PS, Horvath, E, Kovacs, K. An ultrastructural study of seven cardiac myxomas. Cancer 1979;40:22162232.Google Scholar
Govoni, E, Severi, B, Cenacchi, G, et al. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical contribution to the histogenesis of human cardiac myxomas. Ultrastruct Pathol 1988;12:221233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dijkhuizen, T, de Jong, B, Meuzelaar, JJ, Molenaar, WM, Van Den Berg, E. No cytogenetic evidence for involvement of gene(s) at 2p16 in sporadic cardiac myxomas: cytogenetic changes in ten sporadic cardiac myxomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2001;126:162165.Google Scholar
Guardiola, T, Horton, E, Lopez-Camarillo, L, et al. Cardiac myxoma: a cytogenetic study of two cases. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2004;148:145147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maleszewski, JJ, Larsen, BT, Kip, NS, et al. PRKAR1A in the development of cardiac myxoma: a study of 110 cases including isolated and syndromic tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 2014;38:10791087.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ghosh, BC, Huvos, AG, Gerold, FP, Miller, TR. Myxoma of the jaw bones. Cancer 1973;31:237240.Google Scholar
Barker, BF. Odontogenic myxoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 1999;16:297301.Google Scholar
Simon, ENM, Merkx, AW, Vuhahula, E, Ngassapa, N, Stoelinga, PJW. Odontogenic myxoma: a clinicopathologic study of 33 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004;33:333337.Google Scholar
Li, TJ, Sun, LS, Luo, HY. Odontogenic myxoma: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2006;130:17991806.Google Scholar
Suarez, PA, Batsakis, JG, El-Naggar, AK. Don’t confuse dental soft tissues with odontogenic tumors. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1996;105:490494.Google Scholar
Fellegara, G, Mody, K, Kuhn, E, Rosai, J. Normal dental papilla simulating odontogenic myxoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2007;15:282285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enzinger, FM, Weiss, SW, Liang, CY. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: a clinicopathologic analysis of 59 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13:817827.Google Scholar
Miettinen, M, Finnell, V, Fetsch, JF. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 104 cases with long-term follow-up and a critical review of literature. Am J Surg Pathol 2008;32:9961006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schofield, JB, Krausz, T, Stamp, GW, et al. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of soft parts: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis. Histopathology 1993;22:101112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miettinen, M. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: additional observations of a distinctive soft tissue tumor. Am J Clin Pathol 1991;95:142149.Google Scholar
Donner, LR. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: evidence supporting schwann cell origin. Hum Pathol 1992;23:200202.Google Scholar
Zamecnik, M, Michal, M, Simpson, RH, et al. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: a report of 17 cases with emphasis on unusual histologic features. Ann Diagn Pathol 1997;1:7381.Google Scholar
Williams, SB, Ellis, GL, Meis, JM, et al. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour (of soft parts) of the head and neck: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of nine cases. J Laryngol Otol 1993;107:7580.Google Scholar
Hanski, V, Lewicki, Z. New observations on three cases of ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts. Pol J Pathol 1994;45:231238.Google Scholar
Holck, S, Pederson, JG, Ackermann, T, et al. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of soft parts, with focus on unusual clinicopathological features. Histopathology 2003;42:599604.Google Scholar
Kilpatrick, SE, Ward, WG, Mozes, M. Atypical and malignant variants of ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: clinicopathologic analysis of six cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1995;19:10391046.Google Scholar
Folpe, AL, Weiss, SW. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: a clinicopathologic study of 70 cases with emphasis on atypical and malignant variants. Am J Surg Pathol 2003;27:421431.Google Scholar
Sovani, V, Velagaleti, GVN, Filipowicz, E, Gatalica, Z, Knisely, AS. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts: report of a case with novel cytogenetic findings. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2001;127:16.Google Scholar
Gebre-Medhin, S, Nord, KH, Möller, E, et al. Recurrent rearrangement of the PHF1 gene in ossifying fibromyxoid tumors. Am J Pathol 2012;181:10691077.Google Scholar
Endo, M, Kohashi, K, Yamamoto, H, et al. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor presenting EP400-PHF1 fusion gene. Hum Pathol 2013;44(11):26032608.Google Scholar
Graham, RP, Weiss, SW, Sukov, WR, et al. PHF1 rearrangements in ossifying fibromyxoid tumors of soft parts: a fluorescence in situ hybridization study of 41 cases with emphasis on the malignant variant. Am J Surg Pathol 2013;37:17511755.Google Scholar
Antonescu, CR, Sung, YS, Chen, CL, et al. Novel ZC3H7B-BCOR, MEAF6-PHF1, and EPC1-PHF1 fusions in ossifying fibromyxoid tumors: molecular characterization shows genetic overlap with endometrial stromal sarcoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014;53:183193.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×