Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- Participants
- Non-Participant Contributors
- Part 1 Transmissible diseases with long development times and vaccination strategies
- Part 2 Dynamics of immunity (development of disease within individuals)
- Part 3 Population heterogeneity (mixing)
- Part 4 Consequences of treatment interventions
- Conflicts between the individual and communities in treatment and control
- The design and analysis of HIV clinical trials
- A theory of population dynamics used for improving control of viral diseases: AZT chemotherapy and measles vaccination policy
- The ONCHOSIM model and it use in decision support for river blindness control
- Invited Discussion
- Invited Discussion
- Hydatid disease
- Vaccines and herd immunity: consequences for vaccine evaluation
- An epidemiological approach to the evaluation of disease control strategies for intestinal helminth infections: an age structured model
- The control of directly transmitted infections by pulse vaccination: concepts and preliminary studies
- Operational models for the prevention of blindness
- Part 5 Prediction
An epidemiological approach to the evaluation of disease control strategies for intestinal helminth infections: an age structured model
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- Participants
- Non-Participant Contributors
- Part 1 Transmissible diseases with long development times and vaccination strategies
- Part 2 Dynamics of immunity (development of disease within individuals)
- Part 3 Population heterogeneity (mixing)
- Part 4 Consequences of treatment interventions
- Conflicts between the individual and communities in treatment and control
- The design and analysis of HIV clinical trials
- A theory of population dynamics used for improving control of viral diseases: AZT chemotherapy and measles vaccination policy
- The ONCHOSIM model and it use in decision support for river blindness control
- Invited Discussion
- Invited Discussion
- Hydatid disease
- Vaccines and herd immunity: consequences for vaccine evaluation
- An epidemiological approach to the evaluation of disease control strategies for intestinal helminth infections: an age structured model
- The control of directly transmitted infections by pulse vaccination: concepts and preliminary studies
- Operational models for the prevention of blindness
- Part 5 Prediction
Summary
Introduction
It is estimated that one quarter of the world population is infected with one or more of the intestinal helminth species Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms (Ancyclostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) (WHO 1987, Bundy 1990). Approximately one hundred million people worldwide may suffer morbidity as a result of each of these infections (Chan et al. 1994b). A relatively cost-effective method of controlling the more serious consequences of all these infections is the use of mass or age-targetted chemotherapy.
When designing community based chemotherapy programs, the cost-effectiveness of different treatment strategies must be taken into account. In the absence of adequate field data, the likely benefit of treatment in terms of infections and morbidity prevented can be assessed by epidemiological modelling. An epidemiological model has been developed which incorporates observed patterns of infection in the community and can be used to estimate the rate of reinfection following treatment interventions (Medley et al. 1992). The output from the epidemiological model can be combined with actual cost data from chemotherapy operations to provide a cost-effectiveness analysis of different control options (Guyatt et al. 1993).
The aim of this study is to develop an age structured version of the Medley et al. (1992) model. The rationale for this approach comes from the well known age differences in prevalence and intensity of infection. For Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, highest prevalence and intensity is found in school age children, whereas with the hookworms, highest prevalence and intensity is found in adults. The model also allows treatment to be targetted at one age group only.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Models for Infectious Human DiseasesTheir Structure and Relation to Data, pp. 395 - 398Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1996