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Chapter 19 - Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease

from Section 2: - Hypokinetic Movement Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2025

By
Hao Deng ,
Tianbai Li ,
Xinyao Liu ,
Yaping Shao ,
Zhaofei Yang ,
Song Li  and
Weidong Le
Edited by
Erik Ch. Wolters  and
Christian R. Baumann
Erik Ch. Wolters
Affiliation:
Universität Zürich
Christian R. Baumann
Affiliation:
Universität Zürich
Get access

Summary

Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis mostly relies on (late) clinical (parkinsonism) symptoms, whereas we need early diagnostic markers in order to initiate and monitor the effects of forthcoming disease-modifying drugs in the earliest phase of this disease. Therefore, reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. Evidence suggests the potential (differential) diagnostic and prognostic value of clinical, genetic, neuroimaging, and biochemical markers (e.g., in saliva, urine, blood and cerebrospinal fluid). Such biomarkers may include α-synuclein species, lysosomal enzymes, markers of amyloid and tau pathology, and neurofilament light chain, closely reflecting the pathophysiology of PD. Here, we provide an overview of these markers with practical guidelines for facilitating early PD diagnosis.

Keywords

Genetic biomarkersImaging biomarkersInflammation-related biomarkersmetabolic biomarkersMicroRNA biomarkers
Type
Chapter
Information
International Compendium of Movement Disorders , pp. 221 - 237
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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