Conclusion

Summary

Words are powerful beyond our knowledge, certainly. And they are beautiful. Words are intrinsically powerful, I believe. And there is magic in that. Words come from nothing into being. They are created in the imagination and given life in the human voice.

— N. Scott Momaday, “The Magic of Words,” 183

To study the word as such, ignoring the impulse that reaches out beyond it, is just as senseless as to study psychological experience outside the context of that real life toward which it was directed and by which it is determined.

— Mikhail Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination, 292

AS THESE EPIGRAPHS INDICATE, this study took into consideration not only the delight and magic that humor in contemporary Native writing sparks, but also its powerfully performative potential. Rather than only providing light-hearted entertainment or diversion (which of course it also does), humor in contemporary Native writing constitutes a strategic textual device: It promotes intercultural understanding — if often through humorous criticism — and participates in the positioning of the Native subject and Native communities in an intra- and intercultural context. Humor thus deals with serious issues, performs serious work, and should therefore be taken seriously. It is not irreconcilable with the traumatic aspects of Native history and the lasting consequences of colonization for Native existence. On the contrary, as this study has shown, humor serves simultaneously as an instrument for criticism, a cultural mediator, and a coping strategy, by providing an approach for addressing these issues in a manner that elicits both reconsideration and healing.