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Neuropsychological deficits in participants at clinical high risk for psychosis recruited from the community: relationships to functioning and clinical symptoms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2019

Kate Haining ,
Claire Matrunola ,
Lucy Mitchell ,
Ruchika Gajwani ,
Joachim Gross ,
Andrew I. Gumley ,
Stephen M. Lawrie ,
Matthias Schwannauer ,
Frauke Schultze-Lutter  and
Peter J. Uhlhaas Open the ORCID record for Peter J. Uhlhaas [Opens in a new window]
Kate Haining
Affiliation:
Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Claire Matrunola
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Lucy Mitchell
Affiliation:
Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Ruchika Gajwani
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Joachim Gross
Affiliation:
Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Institute of Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Westphalian Wilhelms University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
Andrew I. Gumley
Affiliation:
Institute of Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Westphalian Wilhelms University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
Stephen M. Lawrie
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Matthias Schwannauer
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Frauke Schultze-Lutter
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
Peter J. Uhlhaas*
Affiliation:
Institute for Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Peter J. Uhlhaas, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

The current study examined the pattern of neurocognitive impairments in a community-recruited sample of clinical high-risk (CHR) participants and established relationships with psychosocial functioning.

Methods

CHR-participants (n = 108), participants who did not fulfil CHR-criteria (CHR-negatives) (n = 42) as well as a group of healthy controls (HCs) (n = 55) were recruited. CHR-status was assessed using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Adult Version (SPI-A). The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia Battery (BACS) as well as tests for emotion recognition, working memory and attention were administered. In addition, role and social functioning as well as premorbid adjustment were assessed.

Results

CHR-participants were significantly impaired on the Symbol-Coding and Token-Motor task and showed a reduction in total BACS-scores. Moreover, CHR-participants were characterised by prolonged response times (RTs) in emotion recognition as well as by reductions in both social and role functioning, GAF and premorbid adjustments compared with HCs. Neurocognitive impairments in emotion recognition accuracy, emotion recognition RT, processing speed and motor speed were associated with several aspects of functioning explaining between 4% and 12% of the variance.

Conclusion

The current data obtained from a community sample of CHR-participants highlight the importance of dysfunctions in motor and processing speed and emotion recognition RT. Moreover, these deficits were found to be related to global, social and role functioning, suggesting that neurocognitive impairments are an important aspect of sub-threshold psychotic experiences and a possible target for therapeutic interventions.

Keywords

Clinical high-riskfunctioningneurocognitionpreventionpsychosis
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , January 2020 , pp. 77 - 85
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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Footnotes

*

Joint First Authors.

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