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Rejecting familiar distracters during recognition in young adults with traumatic brain injury and in healthy older adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2010

LANA J. OZEN ,
ERIN I. SKINNER  and
MYRA A. FERNANDES
LANA J. OZEN*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
ERIN I. SKINNER
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
MYRA A. FERNANDES
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Lana Ozen, Department of Psychology, 200 University Ave. W., University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The most common cognitive complaint reported by healthy older adults and young adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is memory difficulties. We investigated the effects of normal aging and the long-term effects of TBI in young adults on the susceptibility to incorrectly endorse distracter information on a memory test. Prior to a study phase, participants viewed a “pre-exposure” list containing distracter words, presented once or three times, and half of the target study words. Subsequently, during the study phase, all target words were presented such that, across lists, study words were viewed either once or three times. On the recognition test, TBI and older adult participants were more likely to falsely endorse “pre-exposed” distracter words viewed three times as being from the target study list, compared to non-head-injured young controls. Normal aging and head injury in young may similarly compromise one’s ability to reject highly familiar, but distracting, information during recognition. Older adult and TBI participants were also slower to complete the Trail Making task and had poorer output on a Digit Span task, suggesting these two populations share a deficit in executive function and working memory. Similar changes in frontal lobe function may underlie these shared cognitive deficits. (JINS, 2010, 16, 556–565.)

Keywords

Brain injuriesBrain concussionAgingMemory disordersFrontal lobeNeuropsychological tests
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 16 , Issue 3 , May 2010 , pp. 556 - 565
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2010

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