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Preserved memory monitoring but impaired memory control during episodic encoding in patients with schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2007

ELISABETH BACON ,
MARIE IZAUTE  and
JEAN-MARIE DANION
ELISABETH BACON
Affiliation:
Physiopathologie clinique et expérimentale de la schizophrénie, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
MARIE IZAUTE
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale de la Cognition, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
JEAN-MARIE DANION
Affiliation:
Physiopathologie clinique et expérimentale de la schizophrénie, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France
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Abstract

Metamemory awareness refers to the ability to monitor and control how well information is processed depending on the loads and needs of the task at hand. There is some evidence that metamemory functions are impaired in schizophrenia at the time of memory retrieval. This study investigated whether patients with schizophrenia exhibit metamemory abnormalities during the encoding of new information. The frequency of item presentation was varied. Both memory control and memory monitoring were assessed using study-time allocation and Judgments of Learning (JOL), respectively. Repeated items were recalled better by both groups, but memory performance was lower in patients than controls. Patients' behavior patterns were abnormal in terms of the study-time allocated for each item according to presentation frequency. Patients' JOLs were lower than those of controls but remained sensitive to item repetition. Patients' predictive values on memory accuracy were no different to those measured in controls. In addition, none of the patients reported using efficient strategies to help memorize target items. The results show a dissociation between memory control, which was impaired, and memory monitoring, which was spared, in patients with schizophrenia during encoding of new information (JINS, 2007, 13, 219–227.)

Keywords

MetamemoryMetacognitionConsciousnessJudgment of LearningJOLPsychopathology
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , March 2007 , pp. 219 - 227
Copyright
© 2007 The International Neuropsychological Society

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