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Brain Arterial Diameters and Cognitive Performance: The Northern Manhattan Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2017

Jose Gutierrez Open the ORCID record for Jose Gutierrez [Opens in a new window] ,
Erin Kulick ,
Yeseon Park Moon ,
Chuanhui Dong ,
Ken Cheung ,
Bagci Ahmet ,
Yaakov Stern ,
Noam Alperin ,
Tatjana Rundek  and
Ralph L. Sacco
...Show all authors
Jose Gutierrez*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Erin Kulick
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
Yeseon Park Moon
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Chuanhui Dong
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
Ken Cheung
Affiliation:
Division of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
Bagci Ahmet
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
Yaakov Stern
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
Noam Alperin
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
Tatjana Rundek
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
Ralph L. Sacco
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
Clinton B. Wright
Affiliation:
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Mitchell S.V. Elkind
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Jose Gutierrez, 710 W 168th Street, 6th Floor, Suite 639, New York, NY, 10032. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that brain arterial diameters are associated with cognitive performance, particularly in arteries supplying domain-specific territories. Methods: Stroke-free participants in the Northern Manhattan Study were invited to have a brain MRI from 2003–2008. The luminal diameters of 13 intracranial arterial segments were obtained using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA), and then averaged and normalized into a global score and region-specific arterial diameters. Z-Scores for executive function, semantic memory, episodic memory and processing speed were obtained at MRI and during follow-up. Adjusted generalized additive models were used to assess for associations. Results: Among the 1034 participants with neurocognitive testing and brain MRI, there were non-linear relationships between left anterior (ACA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) diameter and semantic memory Z-scores (χ2=10.00; DF=3; p=.019), and left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and posterior communicating artery (Pcomm) mean diameter and episodic memory Z-scores (χ2=9.88; DF=3; p=.020). Among the 745 participants who returned for 2nd neuropsychological testing, on average 5.0±0.4 years after their MRI, semantic memory change was associated non-linearly with the left PCA/Pcomm mean diameter (χ2=13.09; DF=3; p=.004) and with the right MCA/ACA mean diameter (χ2=8.43; DF=3; p=.03). In both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, participants with the larger brain arterial diameters had more consistently lower Z-scores and greater decline than the rest of the participants. Conclusions: Brain arterial diameters may have downstream effects in brain function presenting as poorer cognition. Identifying the mechanisms and the directionality of such interactions may increase the understanding of the vascular contribution to cognitive impairment and dementia. (JINS, 2018, 24, 335–346)

Keywords

DolichoectasiaVascular remodelingCognitionVascular dementiaArterial dilatationAging
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , April 2018 , pp. 335 - 346
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2017 

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