Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Latin American Adult Intensive Care Units: PROA-LATAM Project

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are useful in improving clinical outcomes in a cost-effective way and in reducing antimicrobial resistance. Objective: We sought to determine the impact of ASP in adult medical-surgical intensive care units (MS-ICUs). Methods: A multicenter study, in 77 MS-ICUs of 9 Latin-American countries, was conducted along 12 months (July 2018–June 2019). A self-assessment survey using a tool based on CDC recommendations (0–100 scale) was performed at the beginning, after 6 months, and at the end of the study. The impact of ASP was evaluated monthly using the following indicators: antimicrobial consumption (defined daily doses [DDD] per 100 patient days), appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions (percentage of total prescriptions), crude mortality rate (events per 100 discharges), and hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDRs) and Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI events per 1,000 patient days). These indicators were compared between MS-ICUs that reached the 75th percentile and those that maintained the 25th percentile at the final self-assessment. Results: Of all indicators evaluated, only surgical prophylaxis ≤24 hours, vancomycin therapeutic monitoring, and aminoglycosides (1 dose per day) did not show significant differences between MS-ICUs at the 75th percentile and the 25th percentile. CDI events were significantly higher at the 75th percentile MS-ICUs, probably related to better detection of C. difficile (Table 1). Conclusions: This study confirmed that MS-ICUs with more comprehensive ASPs had significantly better indicators.

Funding: Proprietary Organization: MERCK

Disclosures: None