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Nationalism and Anti-Americanism in Japan – Manga Wars, Aso, Tamogami, and Progressive Alternatives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2025

Matthew Penney
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In 1967, Astroboy, the Japanese animation and comic book icon, died protecting a North Vietnamese village from American bombers.

Type
Research Article
Information
Asia-Pacific Journal , Volume 7 , Issue 17 , April 2009 , e1
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2009

References

Appendix Notes

[1] There are indications that the contest was rigged from the beginning. This issue has been followed in detail by Roy Berman on the blog “Mutantfrog Travelogue”. Berman has also looked in depth at Tamogami's connections with an array of political and business figures.

[2] Watanabe Shoichi, Showashi, Tokyo: Bijinesu-sha, 2005.

[3] Mass killings of Filipino civilians have even been described as genocide; see E. San Juan, Jr., “We Charge Genocide: A Brief History of the US in the Philippines” in Political Affairs Magazine.

[4] Watanabe Shoichi, Tojo Hideki – Rekishi no Shogen, Tokyo: Yodensha, 2006.

[5] Watanabe Shoichi, Rekishi no Shinjitsu, Nihon no Kyokun, Tokyo: Chichi Shuppan-sha, 2005.

[6] Watanabe Shoichi, Kono Kuni no ‘Gi’ wo Omou, Tokyo: Chichi Shuppan-sha, 2006, p. 211.

[7] Watanabe Shoichi, Watanabe Shoichi no Jinseikan-Rekishikan wo Takameru Jiten, Tokyo: PHP, 1996, p. 248.

[8] John Dower, War without Mercy, New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.

[9] For example, see Ienaga Saburo, Senso Sekinin, Iwanami Shoten, 1985.

[10] Watanabe Shoichi and Terry Itoh, Nihonjin no Teki, Tokyo: PHP, 1999, p. 104.

[11] “Kita Chosen to Onaji”, Sankei News, November 3, 2008.

[12] Watanabe Shoichi, Rekishi no Shinjitsu, pp. 46-47.

[13] Ibid.

[14] Watanabe Shoichi, Hannichi wo Kyozetsu Dekiru Nihon, Tokyo: Tokuma Shoten, 2006, p. 107.

[15] Watanabe Shoichi and Minamide Kikuji, Nihon Kenpo Muko Sengen, Tokyo: Business-sha, 2007.

[16] Ibid., pp. 151-155.

[17] Ibid., p. 147.

[18] Watanabe Shoichi, Watanabe Shoichi no Jinseikan, p. 244.

[19] Ibid., p. 244-250.

[20] Kusaka Kimindo, Tatakae, Nihonjin, Tokyo: Shūeisha International, 2005, p. 14.

[21] Ibid., p. 15.

[22] Ibid., p. 167.

[23] Ibid., p. 31.

[24] Kusaka Kimindo, Amerika ni Tayoranakutemo Daijobu no Nihon, Tokyo: PHP, 2006.

[25] Ibid., p. 184.

[26] Tamogami, “Was Japan an Aggressor Nation?”, p. 1.

[27] Ko Bunyū, Nihonjin kara Ubawareta Kuni wo Ai suru Kokoro, Tokyo: Tokuma Shoten, 2005.

[28] Ibid., p. 55, 65.

[29] Ibid., p. 151.

[30] Ibid., pp. 151-155.

[31] Ko Bunyu, et al., Manga Chugoku Nyumon, Tokyo, Asuka Shinsha, 2005, p. 164.