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Cyrenaica, 1962–721

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2012

Michael Vickers  and
J. M. Reynolds
Michael Vickers
Affiliation:
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford
J. M. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Newnham College, Cambridge
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Archaeological Reports , Volume 18 , November 1972 , pp. 27 - 47
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Copyright © Authors, the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies and the British School at Athens 1972

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References

2 See obituaries: The Times, February 21, 1968; Quaderni di Archeologia della Libia vi (1971) 127–31 (G. Caputo); Libya Antiqua v (1968) 211.

3 Edited by Stucchi, S. in the series Ruinenstädte Nordafrikas (Zürich, 1971)Google Scholar referred to below as Goodchild, Kyrene.

4 A bibliography of his works compiled by J. M. Reynolds is to be found in Quaderni vi (1971) 131–2.

5 See the Society's Annual Reports i (1969–70) and ii (1970–71) (hereafter SLSAR).

6 Cited below as LA.

7 1959, 239–348; 1962, 421–39.

8 Council for Old World Archaeology Surveys and Bibliographies, Area 9, ii (1962) 31–5.

9 Quaderni v (1967) 153–6.

10 Bulletin d'Archéologie Algérienne i (1962–65) 277–301; ii (1966–67) 315–41; iii (1968) 393–430; Bibliographie analytique de l'Afrique antique iv (1967 [Paris, 1970]) ; v (1968 [Paris, 1971]).

11 Especially pp. 8–10; see too F. Chamoux, RA n.s. (1970) i, 170–172.

12 My thanks are due to Mr Awad Sadawiyah, Mr Abdulhamid Abdussaid, and Mr. Abdussalam Bazama for their co-operation during my stay in Libya, and to Professor S. Applebaum, Mr J. Boardman, Lady Brogan, Dr T. H. Carter, Dr C. M. Daniels, Miss M. Denigan, Professor J. Desanges, Mme C. Dunant, Dr. I. Favaretto, Dr. C.Frigerio, Dr. M. A. V.Gill, Professor R. M. Harrison, Dr. J. W. Hayes, Mr. D. Johnson, Professor G. D. B. Jones, Professor E. Langlotz, M. J.-P. Lauer, Mrs. B. M. Mitchell, Professor J. Pedley, Miss J. M. Reynolds, Dr. R Schlüter, Dr F. Sear, Dr. H. Sichtermann, Miss E. M. Smallwood, Professor D. E. Strong, Professor S. Stucchi, Dr J. Szilágyi, Professor L. A. Thompson, Professor R. A. Tomlinson, Mr J. B. Ward-Perkins, Professor D. White and Mr G. R. H. Wright.

13 (Florence, 1961).

14 Green Mountain, an informal guide to Cyrenaica and its Jebel Akhdar (London, 1963).

15 The Deserts of Hesperides, an experience of Libya (London, 1969).

16 Touring Libya: the Eastern Provinces (London, 1971).

17 E.g. Kirsten, E., Nordafrikanische Stadtbilder (Heidelberg, 1961)Google Scholar; Bräuner, H., Rom in Libyen (Starnberg, 1962)Google Scholar; Vilimkova, M. and Wimmer, H., Roman Art in Africa (London, 1963)Google Scholar; Wheeler, M. and Wood, R., Roman Africa in Colour (London, 1966).Google Scholar

18 Cyrene and Apollonia, an historical guide, 2nd edn (Department of Antiquities, Cyrenaica, 1963).

19 Benghazi, the story of a city, 2nd edn (Shahat, 1962).

20 Barr, F. T. (ed.), Geology and Archaeology of Northern Cyrenaica, Libya (Tripoli, 1968).Google Scholar

21 Ibid., 23–40.

22 Ibid., 41–4. See also n. 91, below.

23 Ibid., 3–12.

24 The Mediterranean Valleys; geological changes in historical times (Cambridge, 1969) 45–9.

25 The Haua Fteah (Cyrenaica) and the Stone Age of the South-east Mediterranean (Cambridge, 1967).

26 Adv. of Sc. xviii (1962) 494–7; Geology and Archaeology (n. 20, above) 13–21; Libya in History 1–29; SLSAR i (1970–71) 19–25, pl. 8.

27 Antiquity xxxix (1965) 95–101, pls. 17–20, figs. 1–4; Paradisi's paper appeared in Italian in Quaderni v (1967) 5–18 (with a note by P. Graziosi). For the exact position of the cave, see Good. child, Kyrene 17. Cf. G. Caputo, Parola del Passato xxiv (1969) 74–27a LA v (1968) 99–103, pls. 61–5.

28 Libya in History, Arabie section, 1–41.

29 T. H. Carter, Expedition v (Spring, 1963) 18–27.

30 ASAA xxxix–xl (1961–62) 664; Quaderni v (1967) 19–45; ‘Cirene 1957–1966, un decennaio di attività della Missione Archeologica Italiana a Cirene’, Quaderni dell'Istituto Italiano di Cultura di Tripoli iii (1967) (hereafter, Cirene 1957–1966) 143–4 (seal), 149 (sherd), followed by Carter, T. H., op. cit. (n. 29) 21Google Scholar; D. Levi, Oriens antiquus iii (1964) 169; Vermeide, E., Greece in the Bronze Age (Chicago, 1964) 234–5Google Scholar, fig. 40; L. Stella, A., La civiltà micenea nei documenti contemporanei (Rome, 1965) 217Google Scholar, n. 70; G. Caputo, Parola del Passato xxiv (1969) 75.

31 Tocra i (1966) 15, n. 3, and BSA lxiii (1968) 41–4. Cf. M. Vickers, JHS xci (1971) 116.

32 AR 1965–66, 25, fig. 3.

33 Kadmos v (1966) 8, fig. 5, 11–12.

34 Libya in History, Arabic section, 43–78 (English abstract, 79–80.

35 Ibid., 83–95 (English abstract, 96–7).

36 The Greeks Overseas (Harmondsworth, 1964) 169–74; BSA lxi (1966) 149–56, pls. 29–32; Proceedings of the 2nd International Cretological Congress i (Athens, 1967) 134–6, pls. 9–10.

37 Metropolis und Apoikie; historische Beiträge zur Geschichte ihrer gegenseitigen Beziehungen (Würzburg, 1963) 9–71.

38 Die altgriechische Siedlungskolonisation im Mittelmeerraum (Tübingen, 1963) 149–54.

39 Colony and Mother City in Ancient Greece (Manchester, 1964).

40 Greeks and Jews in Ancient Cyrene (Jerusalem, 1969) (in Hebrew).

41 Učenije Zapiski Gorgovskovo Gosud Universiteta lxvii (1965) 52–72 (which I have not seen).

42 REA lxvi (1964) 5–21.

43 Libya in History 93–8.

44 JHS lxxxvi (1966) 99–113.

45 Libya in History 53–78.

46 Parola del Passato xvii (1962) 201–5.

47 AJA lxix (1965) 349–52.

48 PBA lvi (1970 [1972]) 175–207.

49 Libya in History, Arabic section, 99–1 16.

50 CP lviii (1963) 11–25.

51 REA lxx (1968) 304–20.

52 JRS li (1961) 98–104.

53 Greeks and Jews (n. 40, above) ch. 5.

54 Historia xi (1962) 500–10; Thompson, L. A. and Ferguson, J. (eds.), Africa in Classical Antiquity (Ibadan, 1969) 110–31.Google Scholar

55 A History of the Jews in North Africa (Jerusalem, 1965) (in Hebrew).

58 Parola del Passato xix (1964) 291–303; Scripta Hierosolymitana vii (i961) 27–52. See too, the same writer's summary of work done 1951–61 in JJS xiii (1962) 31–43.

57 IEJ xii (1962) 1–12.

58 Les villes libres de l'Orient gréco-romain et Venvoi au supplice par acclamations populaires (Brussels, 1965).

59 L'Administration civile de l'Egypte de l'avènement de Dioclétien à la création du diocèse (284–382) (Brussels, 1964).

60 Libya in History 289–98.

61 Antiquity Xli (1967) 115–24.

82 A few works of a general nature are included here; for more information, see the reports on individual sites below.

63 See though, Boethius, A. and Ward-Perkins, J. B., Etruscan and Roman Architecture (Harmondsworth, 1970) 462–4.Google Scholar

64 Greek: Libya in History 193–206 (in Italian), 207–22 (in English) pls. 1–10; Roman: ibid., 223–32.

65 Corsi di cultura sull'arte ravennate e bizantina (hereafter, Corsi) xiii (1966) 264–72.

66 Ibid., 205–23. Cf. Ward-Perkins, ‘L'archeologia cristiana in Cirenaica 1953–62’, Atti del 60 congresso internazionale di archeologia cristiana, 1965 (1965) 641–57.Google Scholar

67 Corsi xiii (1966) 232–50.

68 R. G. Goodchild, J. G. Pedley and D. White, LA iii–iv (1966–1967) 179–98, pls. 65–72.

69 Ibid., 184–90, pls. 66–9; AJA lxxii (1968) 170; lxxv (1971) 39–46, pls. 5–8. See too, Goodchild, Kyrene, pls. 3 and 4.Google Scholar

70 LA iii–iv (1966–67) 190–6, pls. 70–1 ; AJA lxxii (1968) 174; lxxv (1971) 47–55, pls. 9–10.

71 LA iii–iv (1966–67) 196–7, pl. 72.

72 AM lxxvii (1962) 111–20, and RA n.s. i (1968) 99–100.

73 Atti del Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti cxix (1960–61) 281–98, pls. 1–6.

74 Archeologia classica xiii ( 1961 ) 132–40, pls. 63–5.

75 FA xvii, 3175, fig. 72.

76 Cirene 1917–1966, 84–93, figs. 61–71.

77 Parola del Passato xxiii (1968) 230–3.

78 AR 1970–71 85.

79 Op. cit., 121–7, figs. 97, 100, 102, 114, 116.

80 Ibid., 129–38, figs. 123–41; L'Agorà di Cirene i, I lati nord ed est della platea inferiore (Rome, 1965) (Monografie di Archeolo gia Libica, 7) (cited below as L'Agorà) 315, pl. 56. 3, 4; cf. Blank, 1968 (n. 82, below) 41, pl. 11.

81 = Rosenbaum, No. 17; Stucchi, Archeologia classica xii (1960) 71–90, pls. 23–34; H. von Heintze, AJA lxvi (1962) 112; L. Fabbrini, Bollettino d'Arte xlix (1964) 311–12; Cirene 1917–1966, 138–42, figs. 144–6.

82 See Blank, H., Wiederverwendung alter Statuen als Ehrendenkmäler bei Griechen und Römern (Cologne, 1963) 51–5Google Scholar; 2nd edn. (Rome, 1968, = Studia archeologica, 11) 37–41, pl. 10.

83 In Kraus, T. (ed.), Das römische Weltreich (Berlin, 1967) 238–9Google Scholar, pl. 233. Cf. Sichtermann, AA 1959, 271–4Google Scholar, figs. 23–8, 284–6, 291.

84 Pls. 85–7.

85 GRBS vi (1965) 133–41.

86 Gnomon xxxv (1963) 505–10.

87 Kraay, C. M. and Hirmer, M., Greek Coins (London, 1966) 380–1Google Scholar, pls. 213–15 (Cyrene); 381, pl. 216 (Barke).

88 ‘Monnaies Crétoises du Ve au 1er siècles avant J.C.’ in Études Crétoises xv (1966) 137–46.

89 NC, ser. 7, viii (1968) 13–26.

90 Mélanges d'archéologie, d'épigraphie et d'histoire offerts à J. Carcopino (Paris, 1966) 25–43.

91 LA iii–iv (1966–67) 203–11, pl. 73.

92 Bulletin of the History of Medicine xl (1966) 295–313.

93 Nordisk Numismalisk Unions Medlemsblad, December 1968, 201–8. S. I. Oost makes some useful observations on the siphium trade (see n. 50, above). See too, Berger, E., Das Baseler Arztrelief (Basel, 1970) 88–90.Google Scholar

94 J. Colbert de Beaulieu, Bulletin de la Societé française de Numismatique xv (1960) 407; id. and P. R. Giot, Bulletin de la Societé préhistorique française lviii (1961) 324–31; J. Bousquet, Annales de Bretagne lxviii (1961) 25–39; id., Gallia xix (1961) 351–2; id. CRAI 1960, 317–22; C. Picard, RA 1962, 106–7. See too, the gold stater from Cyrene acquired by the Musée d'Art et d'Histoire at Geneva (Musées de Genève, 11 January 1961, 8–9); cf. BMCatCyrenaica No. 118, pi. xiv. 2.

95 Schweizer Münzblätter xii (1962–3) 22–6; cf. Noe, S. P., Bibliography of Greek Coin Hoards (New York, 1937) 82, no. 272.Google Scholar

96 See nn. 31, 36, 80, 100–1, 111–12, 139–41.

97 Late Roman Pottery (London, 1972) passim.

98 BSA lxvi (1971) 243–8, pls. 36–7.

99 T. H. Carter, op. cit. (n. 29, above).

100 Boardman, BSA lxi (1966) 149–56.

101 JRS lxi (1971) 64–79, Pls. 2–9.

102 See n. 80, above.

103 L'insula di Giasone Magno a Cirene (Rome, 1966) (Mono grafie di Archeologia Libica, 8). See, however, Goodchild's important review, LA iii–iv (1966–67) 257–9.

104 LA i (1964) 143.

105 LA i (1964) 143. Goodchild, Kjrene 75–7Google Scholar, fig. 5.

106 LA i (1964) 143; Goodchild, Kyrene 89–90Google Scholar, pls. 31–2.

107 LA i (1964) 143, pl. 72; Goodchild, Kyrene 87–8Google Scholar, pls. 27–30.

108 LA ii (1965) 137, pl. 65a; Goodchild, Kyrene 148.Google Scholar

109 LA ii (1965) 137–8, pls. 65A, 66a; Goodchild, Kyrene 145–6.Google Scholar

110 Goodchild, LA iii–iv (1966–1967) 179–84, pl. 65. See also notes 68–71, above. A brief report on the Department's activities in 1968 is to be found in LA v (1968) 205–6.

111 Stucchi, LA ii (1965) 109–22, pls. 41–50; Quaderni v (1967) 143–9; Cirene 1957–1966Google Scholar; Quaderni vi (1971) 113–23.

112 L. Pandolfi, Cirene 1957–1966, 159, fig. 174.

113 Stucchi, LA iii–iv (1966–1967) 199–201; id., in Goodchild, Kyrene 154–5Google Scholar; Quaderni vi ( 1971 ) 116–21; LA v (1968) 105–7, pl.66.

114 A preliminary report on his 1969 season appears in Goodchild, Kyrene 156–64Google Scholar, pls. 116–24. Cf. AJA lxxiv (1970) 205–6.

115 BSA lxii (1967) 241–56, pls. 44–7.

116 Quaderni vi (1971) 35–41.

117 AA 1962, 431–2, fig. 7, 435–6.

118 LA i (1964) 144; Goodchild, Kyrene 189–90Google Scholar, pls. 156–7.

119 AA 1959, 319–24; LA i (1964) 144; Goodchild, Kyrene 184–5Google Scholar, Pls. 150–1.

120 A preliminary report by Goodchild appeared in Antiquity xxxiv (1960) 246–58. Cf. AA 1962, 421–2, fig. 2; Goodchild, Kyrene 185–6, pl. 153.Google Scholar

121 LA ii (1965) 138, pls. 66–7; Goodchild, Kyrene 191.Google Scholar

122 Archaeology xix (1966) 56–7; xx (1967) 219–20; AJA lxx (1966) 259–65, pls. 63–8; lxxi (1967) 141–7, pls. 47–52. Some, though not all, of the findings are incorporated in Goodchild, Kyrene 173–91.Google Scholar The final report of the Michigan excavations is in active preparation.

123 RA (1963) i 129–53.

124 In du Plat Taylor, J. (ed.), Marine Archaeology (London, 1965) 168–78Google Scholar, figs. 68 (plan), 69–70, pl. 26.

125 BSR xxxii (1964) 1–20, pls. 1–13, and 23. Cf. AA 1962, 436–7, figs. 8–10, and J. M. C. Toynbee, JbAC xiii (1970) 98 (remarks on Ktisis and Kosmesis mosaics at Gasr el-Lebia and Ras el-Hilal).

126 See n. 29, above.

127 LA iii–iv (1966–67) 253; Quadernivi (1971) 122–3.

128 LA i (1964) 127–31, pls. 63–5; ASAA xxxix–xl (1961–62) 664, fig. 9. Cf. Boardman, BSA lxi (1966) 152, n. 13.

129 Quaderni vi ( 1971).

129a LA v (1968) 206–7.

130 See M. Vickers, JGS xiv (1972) (forthcoming).

131 In LA vi.

132 Kraeling, C. H., ‘Ptolemais; city of the Libyan Pentapolis’, The University of Chicago Oriental Institute Publications xc (1962)Google Scholar, with contributions by D. M. Brinkerhoff, R. G. Goodchild, J. E. Knudstad, L. Mowry, and G. R. H. Wright.

133 JRS lii (1962) 13–18, pls. 1–8. See too, AJA lxvi (1962) 197; ILN September 14, 1963, supplement, p. IV; AA 1962, 427–30, figs. 5–6, 435.

134 LA i (1964) 121–5, pls. 61–2.

135 LA i (1964) 144.

136 LA ii (1965) 138. These two houses were systematically cleared by the Society for Libyan Studies and the Department in 1971. Mr Ward-Perkins informs me that a notable feature of the whole quarter was evidence for urban habitation well into the Arab period.

137 LA i (1964) 144, ii (1965) 138.

138 Ibid., loc. cit.; Goodchild, Quaderni v (1967) 47–51.

139 Boardman, AR 1965–1964, 31–2Google Scholar; 1965–66 25–6. See also LA i (1964) 144–5; ii (1965) 138–9; AJA lxiv (1965) 157, Pl. 86.

140 Boardman and Hayes, ‘Excavations at Tocra 1963–1965: the Archaic Deposits i’, BSA Supplementary volume iv (1966).

141 Libya in History, 89–91.

142 Information kindly supplied by Professor Jones. Cf. Goodchild, LA i (1964) 144, ii (1965) 138–9.

143 Kraeling, Ptolemais 160–75, Pls. 33–6.Google Scholar

144 Pedley, AJA lxxi (1967) 144–6, pls. 51–2.

145 PEQ 1963, 22–64, pls. 11–14.

146 Diskussionsbeiträge zum XI. internationalen Byzantinistenkongreβ, 1958 (Munich, 1961) 59–60, pl. 3.

146a Cahiers archéologiques xii (1962) 135–41 ; CRAI 1969, 264–79.

146b Ibid, 279–82.

147 LA ii (1965) 139; iii-iv (1966–67) 253.

148 LA li (1965) 139; for the pian, see Goodchild, Corsi xiii (1966) 221–3, fig. 8.

149 Cf. FA ix (1954) 145; AA 1959, 341.

150 LA vi (forthcoming). Cf. Boardman, BSA lxi (1966) 155–6.

151 LA ii (1965) 91–100, pl. 39.

152 JHS lxxxviii (1965) 87–8.

153 From information kindly supplied by Professor Jones.

154 See also LA ii (1965) 139; SISAR ii (1970–71) 9.

155 Carter, T. H., Expedition v (Spring, 1963) 19–20Google Scholar.

156 LA i (1964) 115–9, pls. 57–60.

157 SLSAR ii (1970–71) 9–10, pl. 3.

158 In REG annually [cited below as Bull. Ep.].

159 In JEA xlvii ( 1961 ) 139 f. and xlviii (1962) 141 f.

160 AE 1961, 176, 324; 1962, 370; 1963, 140–3; 1968, 532–45.

161 SEG xviii (1962) 726–73; xx (1964) 703–80.

162 See n. 163.

163 G. Oliverio, Iscrizioni Cirenaiche (with some notes by Pugliese-Carratelli) in Quaderni iv (1961) 3 f. [cited below as Oliverio, Quaderni], cf. Bull. EP. 1962 no. 363 and SEG xx 707, 708, 736–49, 753–8, 760, 772, 775, 777–9 for comment and in some cases improved readings; G. Oliverio, G. Pugliese-Carratelli, D. Morelli, Supplemento Epigrafico Cirenaico in ASAA xxxix–xl (1961–62) 219 f. [cited below as Supplemento], cf. Bull. EP. 1964, nos. 558, 562 f. and SEG xx 703, 706, 712, 765, 768 for some comment. Texts in verse have been reconsidered by G. Gallavotti, Riv. Fit. xl (1962) 416 f. = SEG xx 747, 748, cf. Bull. Ep. 1962, no. 363 and Maia xv (1963) 450 f. cf. Bull. EP. 1964, no. 563, 1965, no. 469. Other texts discussed in subsequent literature are noted below under the appropriate headings.

164 Gasperini, L. in Stucchi, S., L'Agorà 46 f.Google Scholar, 83, 203, 211 f., 230 f., 234, 249 f., 268 f., 315 f., 327, 329 f., 334 and in Cirene 1957–1966 165 f.; cf. for the Latin texts only AE 1968, nos. 532–45.

165 Kraeling, C. H., Ptolemais esp. 208 f.Google Scholar cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 589 and SEG xx 767, 768.

166 So S. Applebaum, Scripta Hierosolymitana vii (1961) 50 f. (but there are a number of misreadings here and texts now known to be ephebic are taken as funerary); O. Masson, Ératylos ix (1964) 87 f., Giotta xliii (1965) 218 f., Rev. Phil, xli (1967) 225, cf. Bull. EP. 1968, no. 590, Annuaire de l'École des Hautes Études' 969–70 (1970) 230 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1970, no. 662; L. Robert, Annuaire du Collège de France, 1961–2 (1962) 348, cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 562, REG lxxx (1967) 31 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1968, no. 591, Bull. Ep. 1969, no. 603; Swinnen, W. in Antidoron Peremans (Louvain, 1968) 237fGoogle Scholar, cf. Bull. Ep. 1969, no. 128. C. Dobias-Lalou, Rev. Phil, xliii (1970) 228f.

166a Dobias-Lalou, loc. cit. (n. 166 above).

167 S. Applebaum, Scripta Hierosolymitana vii (1961) 31 f. and Reynolds, J. M. in Libya in History 184 f.Google Scholar

168 Giambuzzi, G., ‘Lessico delle iscrizioni latine della Cirenaica’, Quaderni vi (1971) 44 f.Google Scholar

169 So (but the list is unlikely to be complete): Guarducci, M., L'Epigrafia Greca i (Rome, 1967) pp. 78, 347 f.Google Scholar, 355 f. and ii (Rome, 1969) 11, 79 f., 96, 279, 298 f., 305, 357, 584 f.; Jeffery, L. H., The Locai Scripts of Archaic Greece (Oxford, 1961) 320, 324Google Scholar; Lenger, M. Th., ‘Corpus des Ordonnances des Ptolémées’ in Mém. de l'Acad. Belge (Classe Lettres) lvii (1964) nos. 45, 46Google Scholar; McCrum, M. and Woodhead, A. G., Select Documents of the Principales of the Flavian Emperors (Cambridge, 1961) no. 435Google Scholar; Sherk, R. K., Roman Documents from the Greek East (Baltimore, 1969) no. 31Google Scholar; Smallwood, E. M., Documents of the Principates of Gaius, Claudius and Nero (Cambridge, 1967) nos. 162, 345, 386Google Scholar; ead., Documents of the Principates of Nerva, Trajan and Hadrian (Cambridge, 1966) nos. 59, 60, 263, 399, 424; Sokolowski, F., Supplément to Lois Sacrées des Cités grecques (Paris, 1962) nos. 115–18Google Scholar; Vidman, L., Sylloge Inscriptionum Religionis Isiacae et Serapiacae (Berlin, 1969) nos. 803–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar (but his no. 809 is in fact a personal name recorded in an ephebic graffito).

170 SEG ix 3, see also xx 714; A. J. Graham, JHS lxxx (1960) 94 f., cf. Bull. EP. 1961, no. 839, and Colony and Mother City (n. 39 above) 40 f.; Jeffery, L. H., Historia x (1961) 139 f.Google Scholar, cf. Bull. EP., 1962, no. 364; H. Parke, JHS lxxxii (1962) 145 f.; J. H. Oliver, GRBS vii (1966) 25f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1967, no. 677; Rohrbach, H. H., Kolonie und Orakel (Heidelberg, 1960) 31 f.Google Scholar; Seibert, J., Metropolis und Apoikie (Würzburg, 1963) 9 f.Google Scholar

171 Supplemento no. 103; G. Daux, BCH lxxxvii (1963) 388, cf. SEG xx 716, Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 565; Y. Garlan, BCH lxxxix (1965) 338, cf. Bull. Ep. 1967, no. 678.

172 SEG ix 1; see also xviii 726, xx 713; P. M. Fraser, Berylus xii (1958) 120 f.; A. A. Kwapong in Africa in Classical Antiquity (n. 54, above) 99 f., reprinted from Ferguson, J. (ed.) Nigeria and the Classics i (1958) 80 f.Google Scholar; M. A. Levi, Parola del Passato xviii (1963) 321 f.; G. Maddoli, ibid. xxiv (1969) 124 f.; P. Musti, Annalidella Scuola Normale di Pisa xxvi (1957) 282 f., cf. P. M. Fraser, JEA xlvii (1961) 148, no. 44 and Bull. Ep. 1966, no. 500; G. Pugliese-Carratelli in Supplemento 278; J. Siebert, op. cit. (n. 170, above) 68 f.; E. Will, Ant. Class, xxix (1960) 369 f., cf. P. M. Fraser, JEA xlviii (1962) 155, no. 52.

173 See especially the group published by Fraser, P. M. in Berytus xii (1958) 101 f.Google Scholar; cf. SEG xviii 726, 729, 730, 732–9, cf. Bull. Ep. 1961, no. 836; add Supplemento nos. 117, 209, cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 590 and see also nn. 174–6, below.

174 SEG xviii 758; G. Capovilla, Aegyptus xliii (1963) 141 f.; Chamoux, F. in Libya in History 47 fGoogle Scholar.

175 P. M. Fraser, loc. cit (n. 173, above) 155, no. 52 = Oliverio, Quaderni no. 11, cf. SEG xviii, 730; Supplemento no. 204 almost certainly refers to him too, as I hope to have demonstrated in the volume on Apollonia forthcoming from the University of Michigan.

176 R. M. Harrison ap. H. Sichtermann, AA 1962, 437 f., cf. SEG xx 729. Supplemento 246, where 1. 4 should read λόγω καἒργω, perhaps refers to the same man; cf. the independent observa tions of Ch. Habicht in Chiron ii (1972) 1271.

177 Gasperini, L., Quaderni v (1967) 53 f.Google Scholar, cf. now Badian, E., Phoenix xxv (1971) 134 f.Google Scholar

178 J. M. Reynolds, JRS lii (1962) 98, cf. SEG xx 715. For another record of these negotiatores (first century A.D.) see Gasperini, L., Quaderni vi (1971) 15 f.Google Scholar

179 J. M. Reynolds, loc. cit. (n. 178) 97 f., see also SEG xx 709, 730, 731, 766 and cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 560.

180 S. I. Oost, CP lviii (1963) 11 f.; E. Badian, JRS lv (1965) 118 f.; cf. Bull. Ep. 1966, no. 499; Perl, G., ‘Die römischen Provinz beamten in Cyrena und Creta zur Zeit der Republik’, Klio lii (1970) 319 f.Google Scholar: id., ‘Nachträge’, ibid., liii (1971).

181 SEG ix 8, see also xviii 72; Atkinson, K. M. T. in Studies Presented to Victor Ehrenberg (Oxford, 1966) 21 f.Google Scholar; Oliver, J. H., Hesperia xxix (1960) 3241.Google Scholar, cf. AE 1961, 176, Bull. Ep. 1961, no. 841; R. J. Sherk, loc. cit. (n. 169).

182 Supplemento nos. 105 (cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 576) and 211; L. Gasperini, loc. cit. (n. 177) 57 f. See also discussions of the epigram of Pausanias (SEG ix 63, see also xx 732) by J. M. Reynolds, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. clxxxix (1963) 2 f., H. J. Lloyd Jones, ibid. 190 (1964) 72 f. and L. Robert, Hellenica xi–xii (1960) 553 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1965, no. 468; and the use of Cyrenaican inscriptions by Desanges, J. in Hommages à Marcel Renard (Brussels, 1968) 197 f.Google Scholar, cf. Bull. Ep. 1969, no. 617.

183 R. G. Goodchild, Antiquity xxv (1951) 133 f., JRS xliii (1953) 65 f.

184 Cf. recently L. Gasperini in L'Agorà 329 f. and Cirene 1957–1966, 173. nos. 33, 35, 39; id., loc. cit., (n. 178, above) 15 f.; AE 1968, 541; and for a later period R. G. Goodchild and J. M. Reynolds, BSR xxx (1962) 37 f.

185 Proconsuls: (Bruttidius Sabinus, C. Glodius Vestalis, P. Pomponius Secundus, L. Sempromus […) L. Gasperini, loc. cit. (n. 178, above) 15 f.; id., L'Agorà 222 f. and Cirene 1957–1966 174 (cf. AE 1968, 536–8): P. Romanelli, Quaderni iv (1961) 97 f., cf. AE 1963, 142; R. G. Goodchild, ibid. 83 f., cf. AE 1963, 140 and SEG xx 727. Procurators: (C. Pomponius Cordius, Caecilius Felix and an unnamed group) R. G. Goodchild and J. M. Reynolds, op. cit., 37 f.; L. Gasperini, L'Agorà, 334 and Cirene 1957–1966 177. Publicani: L. Robert, Ant. Class, xxxvii (1968) 436, cf. Bull. Ep. 1969, no. 616, anticipating my note forth coming in the Michigan volume on Apollonia; there is also an unpublished text from Ptolemais.

185a R. G. Goodchild, Libya in History 155 f.

186 Ingenerai A. Fuks, JRS li (1961) 98 f.; E. M. Smallwood, in Africa in Classical Antiquity no f.; with reference to particular inscriptions, S. Applebaum, loc. cit. (n. 166, above); id., JJS xiii (1962) 31 f.; id., Parola del Passato xix (1964) 291 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1967, no. 680; G. R. H. Wright, P.EQ.XCV (1963) 50 f., cf. SEG xx 769, 771 (there is no evidence to indicate that 770 came from a Jewish tomb); see also SEG xviii 773 on the Jewish politeuma at Berenice.

187 Cf. L. Gasperini's reconsideration of the material from the Caesareum at Cyrene, loc. cit. (n. 178, above) 3 f. and P. Mingaz-zini's of the inscription from the so-called Capitolium, Quaderni iv (1961) 101 f., cf. AE 1963, 143, but see Bull. Ep. 1962, no. 365.

188 For the exiguous epigraphic finds there, see Oliverio, Quaderni no. 19, cf. SEG xx 772, and G. B. D. Jones and J. H. Little, JRS lxi (1971) 69.

189 R. G. Goodchild, Quaderni iv (1961) 87, cf. Bull. Ep. 1962, no. 366.

190 For texts including the name Jason Magnus see e.g. Supplemento nos. 46, 70, in; for collections and discussions of all the material, Moretti, L., Epigraphica xxxi (1969) 139 f.Google Scholar; L. Robert, ‘APX’. EØ. 1969 (1970) I f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1970, no. 663.

191 H. Sichtermann, AA 1959, 271 f. cf. AE 1962, 370, SEG xx 728, Bull. Ep. 1961, no. 837.

192 For an ephebic list of his reign see Oliverio, Quaderni no. 8; SEG xx 742.

193 R. G. Goodchild, loc. cit. (n. 189, above) 87 f., cf. AE 1963, 141.

194 For a collection of the Christian texts to date, J. M. Reynolds, JThS xi (1960) 285 f. = SEG xviii 745–8, 751–6, 759–71 (but 770 can now be shown to be a pre-Christian mason's mark), xx 761, cf. Bull. Ep. 1961, no. 835, SEG xx 764; add Oliverio, Quaderni nos. 22, 28 = SEG xx 765, 778, Supplemento nos. 22, cf. SEG xx 764, 96, cf. SEG xx 765; R. G. Goodchild and J. M. Reynolds, BSR xxx (1962) 41 f. = SEG xx 705; J. M. Reynolds, BSR xxxii (1964) 15 f. = Bull. Ep. 1965, no. 470 = AA 1962, 433–4 = SEG xx 711; ead., JThS (1965) 462 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1968 no. 591a (where the criticism is confirmed by re-examination of the stone). L. Gasperini, Cirene 1957–1966 177.

195 F. Chamoux, loc. cit. (n. 174, above) 45 f.

196 S. M. Stern, BSR xxxii (1964) 19 f.

197 P. M. Fraser, Berytus xii (1958) 108 f. = SEG xviii 739 and L. Gasperini, Cirene 1057–1966 170 f. no. 23.

198 Oliverio, Quaderni nos. 6, 7 cf. SEG xx 740, 741.

199 Oliverio, Quaderni no. 2 = SEG xx 737, cf. Bull. Ep. 1962, no. 363. In connection with nomophylakes the publication of seals from the Cyrene Nomophylakeion by G. Maddoli, ASAA xli–xlii (1963–1964) 39 f. should be noted, though they are largely anepigraphic.

200 S. Applebaum, Parola del Passato xix (1964) 291 f.

201 Supplemento 201–3.

202 Supplemento no. 211 bis, cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, no. 590.

203 J. M. Reynolds and R. G. Goodchild, LA ii (1965) 103 f.

204 R. G. Goodchild, Quaderni v (1967) 47 f.

205 Note especially the early altars, often rock-cut and mainly to chthonic deities, from Cyrene, Beida and Messa, P. M. Fraser, BSA lvii (1962) 24 f.; Oliverio, Quaderni nos. 9 = SEG xx 723, 23–7 = SEG xx 753–7, 760; Supplemento nos. 212–35; Pugliese-Carratelli, Maia xvi (1964) 105 f.; Dobias-Lalou, loc. cit. (n. 166 above) 241 f. and in the Roman period a dedication to the Samothracian god, Fraser, loc. rit. 25 f., cf. SEG xx 724 and six altars (of second to third century A.D.) on which the cult titles indicate interesting aspects of private cult, G. Pugliese-Carratelli, Supplemento no. 156, id. in Miscellanea di Studi Alessandrini in Memoria di Augusto Rostagni (Turin, 1963) 164 f.

206 L. Gasperini, L'Agorà, 46 f.; id., Cirene 1957–1977 166, no. I ; M. Guarducci, L'Epigrafia Greca i, 355 f.; Dobias-Lalou, loc. cit. (n. 166 above) 239 f.

207 Supplemento nos. 161, 162; C. Gallavotti, Maia xv (1963) 454 f.; G. Pugliese-Carratelli, ibid. (1964) 106.

208 Supplemento no. 193; C. Gallavotti, loc. cit. 450 f.; G. Pugliese-Carratelli, loc. cit. 102 f.; id., Rend. Ace. Line. 8th ser., xviii (1963) 340 f., cf. Bull. EP. 1964, no. 574.

209 SEG ix 72, see also xx 717; Sokolowski, loc. cit. (n. 169, above) no. 115.

210 SEG ix 73, see also xx 720; Sokolowski loc. cit. no. 117.

211 SEG ix 347, see also xx 759; Sokolowski, loc. cit. no. 118.

212 G. Pugliese-Carratelli, Parola del Passato xv (1960) 294 f. cf. SEG xx 719 and Bull. EP. 1964, no. 570; id., Maia xvi (1964) 99 f.; Sokolowski, loc. cit., no. 116.

213 G. Pugliese-Carratelli, Parala del Passato xvi (1961) 456 f. cf. SEG xx 718 and Bull. EP. 1964, no. 570; id., Maia xvi (1964) 109.

214 Oliverio, Quaderni no. 10, cf. SEG xx 721 and Bull. Ep. 1962, no. 363; Vidman, loc. cit. (n. 168, above) no. 808; G. Pugliese-Carratelli, Miscellanea Rostagni (n. 205, above), 162 f.; id., Maia xvi (1964) 108 f.

215 S. Ferri, St. Class, ed Or. xii (1963) 5 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1965, no. 467.

216 L. Robert, Hellenica xi–xii (1960) 548 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1961, no. 840.

217 P. M. Fraser, Berytus xii (1958) 101 f. = SEG xviii 727.

218 L. Robert, American Studies in Papyrology i (1966) 195 with reference to SEG ix 5, 1. 15 f., cf. Bull. Ep., 1967, no. 679.

219 L. Gasperini, L'Agorà 211 f. and Cirene 1957–1966 172 f., see AE 1968, 532 f.; (R. G. Goodchild and I were not convinced by his reading of a rough text on a column drum so as to give a sexuir).

220 L. Robert, BEA lxv (1963) 314.

221 J. M. Reynolds, BSR xxx (1962) 33 f.; ead., xxxiii ( 1965) 53f.

222 Oliverio, Quaderni no. 14, SEG xx 745; Dobias-Lalou, loc. cit. (n. 166 above) 235 f.

223 Oliverio, Quaderni no. 15, SEG xx 746.

224 Oliverio, Quaderni nos. 17, 18, SEG xx 747, 748; C. Gallavotti, Riv. Fil. xl (1962) 416 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1964, nos. 574, 563; G. Morelli, Maiaxv (1963) 168 f., cf. Bull. Ep. 1965, no. 469.

225 L. Robert, Ant. Class, xxxvii (1968) 406 f.