Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T17:17:00.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of the Antarctic Oscillation, the Pacific–South American modes and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the Antarctic surface temperature and pressure variations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2011

Lejiang Yu ,
Zhanhai Zhang ,
Mingyu Zhou ,
Sharon Zhong ,
Donald Lenschow ,
Hsiaoming Hsu ,
Huiding Wu  and
Bo Sun
Lejiang Yu*
Affiliation:
Applied Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Nanjing University of information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
Zhanhai Zhang
Affiliation:
Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
Mingyu Zhou
Affiliation:
Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
Sharon Zhong
Affiliation:
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Donald Lenschow
Affiliation:
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
Hsiaoming Hsu
Affiliation:
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
Huiding Wu
Affiliation:
Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
Bo Sun
Affiliation:
Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China
*
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In this study, the impacts of the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), the Pacific–South American teleconnection (PSA) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Antarctic sea level pressure and surface temperature are investigated using surface observational data, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40 Year Re-analysis (ERA-40) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) re-analysis data from 1958–2001. There is the most significant correlation between PSA and Antarctic sea level pressure and surface temperature in the northern Antarctic Peninsula during four seasons. But the correlation between Southern Oscillation Index and surface temperature and sea level pressure is significant at some stations only in spring. The three indices can explain a large portion of the trends found in sea level pressure and temperature at some stations, but not at all stations. Among the three indices the most important contribution to the trends in the two surface variables comes from AAO, followed by PSA, and finally by ENSO. The two re-analysis datasets show great similarity for the trends in surface temperature and sea level pressure in April–May and October–November, but not December–February. In summer the trends in surface temperature and sea level pressure in East Antarctica for ERA-40 re-analysis are opposite to those of NCEP re-analysis.

Keywords

Antarcticare-analysis datasea level pressure
Type
Earth Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , 06 February 2012 , pp. 59 - 76
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arblaster, J.M.Meehl, G.A. 2006. Contributions of external forcings to Southern Annular Mode trends. Journal of Climate, 19, 2896–2905.Google Scholar
Bromwich, D.H.Fogt, R.L. 2004. Strong trends in the skill of the ERA-40 and NCEP-NCAR re-analyses in the high and midlatitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, 1958–2001. Journal of Climate, 17, 4603–4619.Google Scholar
Gillett, N.P.Thompson, D.W.J. 2003. Simulation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate change. Science, 302, 273–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johanson, C.M.Fu, Q. 2007. Antarctic atmospheric temperature trend patterns from satellite observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 34, 10.1029/2006GL029108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, J.M.Widmann, M. 2004. Early peak in Antarctic Oscillation index. Nature, 432, 290–291.Google Scholar
Justino, F.Peltier, W.R. 2008. Climate anomalies induced by the Arctic and Antarctic Oscillation: glacial maximum and present-day perspectives. Journal of Climate, 21, 459–474.Google Scholar
Justino, F., Setzer, A., Bracegirdle, T.J., Mendges, D., Grimm, A., Dechiche, G.Schaefer, C.E.G. 2010. Harmonic analysis of climatological temperature over Antarctica: present-day and greenhouse warming perspectives. International Journal of Climatology, 31, 514–530.Google Scholar
Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K.C., Ropelewski, C., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds, R.Jenne, R. 1996. The NCEP/NCAR 40-year re-analysis project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77, 437–471.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karoly, D.J. 1989. Southern Hemisphere circulation features associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation events. Journal of Climate, 2, 1239–1251.Google Scholar
Kidson, J.W. 1988. Interannual variations in the Southern Hemisphere circulation. Journal of Climate, 1, 1177–1198.Google Scholar
Kidson, J.W. 1999. Principal modes of Southern Hemisphere low frequency variability obtained from NCEP-NCAR re-analysis. Journal of Climate, 12, 2808–2830.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kistler, R., Kalnay, E., Collins, W., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Kanamitsu, M., Kousky, V., van Den Dool, H., Jenne, R.Fiorino, M. 2001. The NCEP-NCAR 50-year re-analysis: monthly means CD-ROM and documentation. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82, 247–267.Google Scholar
Kwok, R.Comiso, J. 2002. Spatial patterns of variability in Antarctic surface temperature: connections to the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode and the Southern Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters, 29, 10.1029/2002GL015415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lau, K.M., Sheu, P.J.Kang, I.S. 1994. Multiscale low-frequency circulation modes in the global atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 51, 1169–1193.Google Scholar
Liu, J., Curry, J.A.Martinson, D.G. 2004. Interpretation of recent Antarctic sea ice variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, 10.1029/2003GL018732.Google Scholar
Marshall, G.J. 2003. Trends in the Southern Annular Mode from observations and re-analyses. Journal of Climate, 16, 4134–4143.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, G.J. 2007. Half-century seasonal relationships between the Southern Annular mode and Antarctic temperatures. International Journal of Climatology, 27, 373–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, G.J., Orr, A., van Lipzig, N.P.M.King, J.C. 2006. The impact of a changing Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode on Antarctic Peninsula summer temperatures. Journal of Climate, 19, 5388–5404.Google Scholar
Mo, K.C. 2000. Relationships between interdecadal variability in the Southern Hemisphere and sea surface temperature anomalies. Journal of Climate, 13, 3599–3610.Google Scholar
Mo, K.C.Ghil, M. 1986. Statistical and dynamics of persistent anomalies. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 44, 877–901.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mo, K.C.Paegle, J.N. 2001. The Pacific-South American modes and their downstream effects. International Journal of Climatology, 21, 1211–1229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orr, A., Cresswell, D., Marshall, G.J., Hunt, J.C.R., Sommeria, J., Wang, C.G.Light, M. 2004. A ‘low-level’ explanation for the recent large warming trend over the western Antarctic Peninsula involving blocked winds and changes in zonal circulation. Geophysical Research Letters, 31, 10.1029/2003GL019160.Google Scholar
Orr, A., Marshall, G.J., Hunt, J.C.R., Sommeria, J., Wang, C.G., van Lipzig, N.P.M., Cresswell, D.King, J.C. 2008. Characteristics of summer airflow over the Antarctic Peninsula in response to recent strengthening of westerly circumpolar winds. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 65, 1396–1413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillpot, H.R. 1991. The derivation of 500 hPa height from automatic weather station surface observations in the Antarctic continental interior. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 39, 79–86.Google Scholar
Schneider, D.P., Steig, E.J.Comiso, J.C. 2004. Recent climate variability in Antarctica from satellite-derived temperature data. Journal of Climate, 17, 1569–1583.Google Scholar
Schwerdtfeger, W. 1984. Weather and climate of the Antarctic. New York: Elsevier Science, 261 pp.Google Scholar
Steig, E.J., Schneider, D.P., Rutherford, S.D., Mann, M.E., Comiso, J.C.Shindell, D.T. 2009. Warming of the Antarctic ice sheet surface since the 1957 International Geophysical Year. Nature, 457, 459–463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Szeredi, I.Karoly, D. 1987a. The vertical structure of monthly fluctuations of the Southern Hemisphere troposphere. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 35, 19–30.Google Scholar
Szeredi, I.Karoly, D. 1987b. The horizontal structure of monthly fluctuations of the Southern Hemisphere troposphere from station data. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 35, 119–129.Google Scholar
Thompson, D.W.J.Solomon, S. 2002. Interpretation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate change. Science, 296, 895–899.Google Scholar
Thompson, D.W.J.Wallace, J.M. 2000a. Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability. Journal of Climate, 13, 1000–1016.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, D.W.J.Wallace, J.M. 2000b. Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends. Journal of Climate, 13, 1018–1036.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, J., Lachlan-Cope, T.A., Colwell, S., Marshall, G.J.Connolley, W.M. 2006. Significant warming of the Antarctic winter troposphere. Science, 311, 1914–1917.Google Scholar
Turner, J., Colwell, S.R., Marshall, G.J., Lachlan-Cope, T.A., Carleton, A.M., Jones, P.D., Lagun, V., Reid, P.A.Iagovkina, S. 2004. The SCAR READER project: towards a high-quality database of mean Antarctic meteorological observations. Journal of Climate, 17, 2890–2898.Google Scholar
Turner, J., Colwell, S.R., Marshall, G.J., Lachlan-Cope, T.A., Carleton, A.M., Jones, P.D., Lagun, V., Reid, P.A.Iagovkina, S. 2005. Antarctic climate change during the last 50 years. International Journal of Climatology, 25, 279–294.Google Scholar
Uppala, S.M., Kållberg, P.W.Simmons, A.J.et al. 2005. The ERA-40 re-analysis. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131, 2961–3012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van den Broeke, M.R.van Lipzig, N.P.M. 2004. Changes in Antarctic temperature, wind and precipitation in response to the Antarctic Ocscillation. Annals of Glaciology, 39, 119–126.Google Scholar
Yuan, X. 2004. ENSO related impacts on Antarctic sea ice: a synthesis of phenomenon mechanisms. Antarctic Science, 16, 415–425.Google Scholar
Yu, L., Zhang, Z., Zhou, M., Zhong, S., Lenschow, D., Hsu, H., Wu, H.Sun, B. 2010. Validation of ECMWF and NCEP–NCAR re-analysis data in Antarctica. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 27, 1151–1168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Yu Supplementary Figures

Yu Supplementary Figures

Download Yu Supplementary Figures(PDF)
PDF 1.6 MB