Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T18:16:56.512Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Multiscale variability of ambient conditions, fast ice dynamics and biogeochemistry in the coastal zone of Victoria Land, Ross Sea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2014

Stefano Cozzi
Stefano Cozzi*
Affiliation:
CNR–ISMAR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, Viale Romolo Gessi 2, 34123 Trieste, Italy
*
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Interannual and seasonal variability of the biogeochemical characteristics of fast ice were analysed in relation to ambient conditions, water column properties and ice biota. According to Zubov's Law, the annual atmospheric cooling should generate 2.5 m thick fast ice sheets in this coastal zone, but katabatic wind peaks in July–August often cause ice breakouts, resulting in highly variable growth periods (2–9 months) and thickness (1.0–2.5 m). In spring, atmospheric forcings significantly modulate brine content (5–20%) and drainage in fast ice, as well as salinity oscillations in bottom and platelet layers (15 psu). In the water column, the formation of nutrient-impoverished Summer Surface Waters is triggered by seawater warming (-1.9 to 0.7°C), ice melting (0.03 m d-1) and pelagic production. Negative NO3 and SiO2 balances and positive NH4 balances (-41, -153 and +173 kg km-2, respectively) were estimated in fast ice in spring, whereas nutrient budgets in the platelet layer are regulated by its variable level of isolation from seawater. The large accumulation of dissolved organic carbon (3890 kg km-2) in the ice system and its release in seawater in late spring are important features of the carbon cycle in these Antarctic coastal zones, with possible implications for the modulation of climate.

Keywords

budgetcoastal watersdissolved organic mattermeteorologynutrientsTerra Nova Bay
Type
Physical Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , August 2014 , pp. 427 - 444
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ackley, S.F. Sullivan, C.W. 1994. Physical controls on the development and characteristics of Antarctic sea ice biological communities – a review and synthesis. Deep Sea Research I - Oceanographic Research Papers, 41, 1583–1604.Google Scholar
Arrigo, K.R., Dieckmann, G., Gosselin, M., Robinson, D.H., Fritsen, C.H. Sullivan, C.W. 1995. High-resolution study of the platelet ice ecosystem in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica – biomass, nutrient, and production profiles within a dense microalgal bloom. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 127, 255–268.Google Scholar
Arrigo, K.R., Mock, T. Lizotte, M.P. 2010. Primary producers and sea ice. In Thomas, D.N. & Dieckmann, G.S., eds. Sea ice. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 283–325.Google Scholar
Budillon, G. Spezie, G. 2000. Thermohaline structure and variability in the Terra Nova Bay polynya, Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 12, 493–508.Google Scholar
Budillon, G., Pacciaroni, M., Cozzi, S., Rivaro, P., Catalano, G., Ianni, C. Cantoni, C. 2003. An optimum multiparameter mixing analysis of the shelf waters in the Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 15, 105–118.Google Scholar
Celussi, M., Balestra, C., Fabbro, C., Crevatin, E., Cataletto, B., Umani, S.F. Del Negro, P. 2008. Organic-matter degradative potential of Halomonas glaciei isolated from frazil ice in the Ross Sea (Antarctica). FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 65, 504–512.Google Scholar
Celussi, M., Paoli, A., Crevatin, E., Bergamasco, A., Margiotta, F., Saggiomo, V., Umani, S.F. Del Negro, P. 2009. Short-term under-ice variability of prokaryotic plankton communities in coastal Antarctic waters (Cape Hallett, Ross Sea). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 81, 491–500.Google Scholar
Cox, G.F.N. Weeks, W.F. 1983. Equations for determining the gas and brine volumes in sea-ice samples. Journal of Glaciology, 29, 306–316.Google Scholar
Cozzi, S. Cantoni, C. 2011. Stable isotope (δC-13 and δN-15) composition of particulate organic matter, nutrients and dissolved organic matter during spring ice retreat at Terra Nova Bay. Antarctic Science, 23, 43–56.Google Scholar
Cozzi, S. 2004. A new application of diacetyl monoxime method to the automated determination of dissolved urea in seawater. Marine Biology, 145, 843–848.Google Scholar
Cozzi, S. 2008. High-resolution trends of nutrients, DOM and nitrogen uptake in the annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 20, 441–454.Google Scholar
Dieckmann, G.S. Hellmer, H.H. 2010. The importance of sea ice: an overview. In Thomas, D.N. & Dieckmann, G.S., eds. Sea ice. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 1–22.Google Scholar
Eicken, H. 1992. Salinity profiles of Antarctic sea ice – field data and model results. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 97, 15 545–15 557.Google Scholar
Fabiano, M., Chiantore, M., Povero, P., CattaneoVietti, R., Pusceddu, A., Misic, C. Albertelli, G. 1997. Short-term variations in particulate matter flux in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 9, 143–149.Google Scholar
Fraser, A.D., Massom, R.A., Michael, K.J., Galton-Fenzi, B.K. Lieser, J.L. 2012. East Antarctic landfast sea ice distribution and variability, 2000-08. Journal of Climate, 25, 1137–1156.Google Scholar
Fusco, G., Budillon, G. Spezie, G. 2009. Surface heat fluxes and thermohaline variability in the Ross Sea and in Terra Nova Bay polynya. Continental Shelf Research, 29, 1887–1895.Google Scholar
Grasshoff, K., Kremling, K. Ehrhardt, M. 1999. Methods of seawater analysis. 3rd ed. Weinheim: Wiley, 600 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guglielmo, L., Carrada, G.C., Catalano, G., Dell'Anno, A., Fabiano, M., Lazzara, L., Mangoni, O., Pusceddu, A. Saggiomo, V. 2000. Structural and functional properties of sympagic communities in the annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Polar Biology, 23, 137–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guglielmo, L., Carrada, G.C., Catalano, G., Cozzi, S., Dell'anno, A., Fabiano, M., Granata, A., Lazzara, L., Lorenzelli, R., Manganaro, A., Mangoni, O., Misic, C., Modigh, M., Pusceddu, A. Saggiomo, V. 2004. Biogeochemistry and algal communities in the annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Chemistry and Ecology, 20 (Sup. 1), 43–55.Google Scholar
Guglielmo, L., Zagami, G., Saggiomo, V., Catalano, G. Granata, A. 2007. Copepods in spring annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). Polar Biology, 30, 747–758.Google Scholar
Günther, S. Dieckmann, G.S. 1999. Seasonal development of algal biomass in snow-covered fast ice and the underlying platelet layer in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 11, 305–315.Google Scholar
Heil, P. 2006. Atmospheric conditions and fast ice at Davis, East Antarctica: a case study. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 111, 10.1029/2005JC002904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazzara, L., Nardello, I., Ermanni, C., Mangoni, O. Saggiomo, V. 2007. Light environment and seasonal dynamics of microalgae in the annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 19, 83–92.Google Scholar
Lei, R., Li, Z, Cheng, B., Zhang, Z. Heil, P. 2010. Annual cycle of landfast sea ice in Prydz Bay, east Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 115, 10.1029/2008JC005223.Google Scholar
Leppäranta, M. 1993. A review of analytical models of sea-ice growth. Atmosphere-Ocean, 31, 123–138.Google Scholar
Loose, B., Miller, L.A., Elliott, S. Papakyriakou, T. 2011. Sea ice biogeochemistry and material transport across the frozen interface. Oceanography, 24, 202–218.Google Scholar
Lythe, M., Hauser, A. Wendler, G. 1999. Classification of sea ice types in the Ross Sea, Antarctica from SAR and AVHRR imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 20, 3073–3085.Google Scholar
Mangoni, O., Saggiomo, M., Modigh, M., Catalano, G., Zingone, A. Saggiomo, V. 2009. The role of platelet ice microalgae in seeding phytoplankton blooms in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica): a mesocosm experiment. Polar Biology, 32, 311–323.Google Scholar
Massolo, S., Messa, R., Rivaro, P. Leardi, R. 2009. Annual and spatial variations of chemical and physical properties in the Ross Sea surface waters (Antarctica). Continental Shelf Research, 29, 2333–2344.Google Scholar
Massom, R.A. Stammerjohn, S.E. 2010. Antarctic sea ice change and variability - physical and ecological implications. Polar Science, 4, 149–186.Google Scholar
Meiners, K.M., Norman, L., Granskog, M.A., Krell, A., Heil, P. Thomas, D.N. 2011. Physico-ecobiogeochemistry of East Antarctic pack ice during the winter-spring transition. Deep-Sea Research II - Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58, 1172–1181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moro, I., Paccagnella, R., Barbante, C. Andreoli, C. 2000. Microalgal communities of the sea ice, ice-covered and ice-free waters of Wood Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) during the austral summer 1993-94. Marine Ecology - Pubblicazioni Della Stazione Zoologica Di Napoli I, 21, 233–245.Google Scholar
Norkko, A., Thrush, S.F., Cummings, V.J., Gibbs, M.M., Andrew, N.L., Norkko, J. Schwarz, A.-M. 2007. Trophic structure of coastal Antarctic food webs associated with changes in sea ice and food supply. Ecology, 88, 2810–2820.Google Scholar
Norman, L., Thomas, D.N., Stedmon, C.A., Granskog, M.A., Papadimitriou, S., Krapp, R.H., Meiners, K.M., Lannuzel, D., van der Merwe, P. Dieckmann, G.S. 2011. The characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in Antarctic sea ice. Deep-Sea Research II - Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58, 1075–1091.Google Scholar
Papadimitriou, S., Thomas, D.N., Kennedy, H., Kuosa, H. Dieckmann, G.S. 2009. Inorganic carbon removal and isotopic enrichment in Antarctic sea ice gap layers during early austral summer. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 386, 15–27.Google Scholar
Priscu, J.C., Downes, M.T., Priscu, L.R., Palmisano, A.C. Sullivan, C.W. 1990. Dynamics of ammonium oxidizer activity and nitrous oxide (N2O) within and beneath Antarctic sea ice. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 62, 37–46.Google Scholar
Pusceddu, A., Dell'Anno, A., Vezzulli, L., Fabiano, M., Saggiomo, V., Cozzi, S., Catalano, G. Guglielmo, L. 2009. Microbial loop malfunctioning in the annual sea ice at Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica). Polar Biology, 32, 337–346.Google Scholar
Remy, J.-P., Becquevort, S., Haskell, T.G. Tison, J.-L. 2008. Impact of the B-15 iceberg “stranding event” on the physical and biological properties of sea ice in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 20, 593–604.Google Scholar
Riaux-Gobin, C., Tréguer, P., Dieckmann, G., Maria, E., Vétion, G. Poulin, M. 2005. Land-fast ice off Adélie Land (Antarctica): short-term variations in nutrients and chlorophyll just before ice break-up. Journal of Marine Systems, 55, 235–248.Google Scholar
Ryan, K.G., Hegseth, E.N., Martin, A., Davy, S.K., O'Toole, R., Ralph, P.J., McMinn, A. Thorn, C.J. 2006. Comparison of the microalgal community within fast ice at two sites along the Ross Sea coast, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 18, 583–594.Google Scholar
Rysgaard, S., Glud, R.N., Sejr, M.K., Bendtsen, J. Christensen, P.B. 2007. Inorganic carbon transport during sea ice growth and decay: a carbon pump in polar seas. Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, 112, 10.1029/2006JC003572.Google Scholar
Stedmon, C.A., Thomas, D.N., Papadimitriou, S., Granskog, M.A. Dieckmann, G.S. 2011. Using fluorescence to characterize dissolved organic matter in Antarctic sea ice brines. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biosciences, 116, 10.1029/2011JG001716.Google Scholar
Thomas, D.N., Papadimitriou, S. Michel, C. 2010. Biogeochemistry of sea ice. In Thomas, D.N. & Dieckmann, G.S., eds. Sea ice. 2nd ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 425–467.Google Scholar
Walsh, T.W. 1989. Total dissolved nitrogen in seawater: a new high-temperature combustion method and a comparison with photo-oxidation. Marine Chemistry, 26, 295–311.Google Scholar
Wedborg, M., Persson, T. Larsson, T. 2007. On the distribution of UV-blue fluorescent organic matter in the Southern Ocean. Deep Sea Research I - Oceanographic Research Papers, 54, 1957–1971.Google Scholar