Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T10:28:41.111Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Teaching Writing*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2010

Extract

With just the two words of the title “Teaching writing,” we are thrown into ambiguity characteristic of the enterprise the title names. Is that second word a participle, referring to the activity of generating, composing, and revising ideas on paper, or is it a more static gerund noun form—writing as an artifact, as text presented on a page, performing social functions? The position we take with regard to the multiple realities encompassed in this dichotomy and in others in our field gives shape to our teaching. And that shape is changing.

Type
Teaching The Language Skills
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

UNANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Allison, D. 1994. Comments on “ESL, ideology, and the politics of pragmatism”: A reader reacts. TESOL Quarterly. 28.618623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allison, D. 1995. Assertions and alternatives: Helping ESL undergraduates extend their choices in academic writing. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allison, D., Berry, V. and Lewkowicz, J. A.. 1995. Reading-writing connections in EAP classes: A content analysis of written summaries produced under three mediating conditions. RELC Journal. 26.2543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atkinson, D. and Ramanathan, V.. 1995. Cultures of writing: An ethnographic comparison of LI and L2 university writing/language programs. TESOL Quarterly. 29.539566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belcher, D. 1995. Writing critically across the curriculum. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 135154.Google Scholar
Belcher, D. 1997. An argument for nonadversarial argumentation: On the relevance of the feminist critique of academic discourse to L2 writing pedagogy. Journal of Second Language Writing. 6.121.Google Scholar
Belisle, R. 1996. E-mail activities in the ESL writing class. The Internet TESL Journal. 2.12. Retrieved May 23, 1997 from the World Wide Web: <http://www.aitech.ac.jp/~iteslj>>Google Scholar
Bell, J. S. 1995. The relationship between LI and L2 literacy: Some complicating factors. TESOL Quarterly. 29.687704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benesch, S. 1993. ESL, ideology, and the politics of pragmatism. TESOL Quarterly. 27.705717.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benesch, S. 1994. Comments on “ESL, ideology, and the politics of pragmatism”: The author responds. TESOL Quarterly. 28.623624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benesch, S. 1995. Genres and processes in sociocultural context. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.191195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benesch, S. 1996. Needs analysis and curriculum development in EAP: An example of a critical approach. TESOL Quarterly. 30.723738.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berkenkotter, C. and Huckin, T. N.. 1995. Genre knowledge in disciplinary communication. Hillsdale NJ: L. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Blanton, L. L. 1992 (Summer). Talking students into writing: Using oral fluency to develop literacy. TESOL Journal. 1.4.2326.Google Scholar
Blanton, L. L. 1995. Elephants and paradigms: Conversations about teaching L2 writing. College ESL. 5.1.121.Google Scholar
Bloch, J. and Chi, L.. 1995. A comparison of the use of citations in Chinese and English academic discourse. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 231274.Google Scholar
Braine, G. 1996. ESL students in first-year writing courses: ESL versus mainstream classes. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.91107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bromley, K. 1995. Buddy journals for ESL and native-English-speaking students. TESOL Journal. 4.3.711.Google Scholar
Byrd, D. R. 1994. Peer editing: Common concerns and applications in the foreign language classroom. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German. 21.1.119123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canagarajah, A. S. 1993. Critical ethnography of a Sri Lankan classroom: Ambiguities in student opposition to reproduction through ESOL. TESOL Quarterly. 27.601626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canagarajah, A. S. 1996. From critical research practice to critical research reporting. TESOL Quarterly. 30.321330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canagarajah, A. S. 1997. Safe houses in the contact zone: Coping strategies of African-American students in the academy. College Composition and Communication. 48.173196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carson, J. G. and Leki, I. (eds.) 1993. Reading in the composition classroom: Second language perspectives. Boston: Heinle and Heinle.Google Scholar
Carson, J. G. and Nelson, G. L.. 1996. Chinese students' perceptions of ESL peer response group interaction. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casanave, C. P. 1994. Language development in students' journals. Journal of Second Language Writing. 3.179201.Google Scholar
Casanave, C. P. 1995. Local interactions: Constructing contexts for composing in a graduate sociology program. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 83110.Google Scholar
Christie, F. 1995. Genre-based approaches to teaching literacy. In Tickoo, M. L. (ed.) Reading and writing: Theory into practice. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. 300320.Google Scholar
Clarke, M. A. 1994. “Mainstreaming” ESL students: Disturbing changes. College ESL. 4.1.119.Google Scholar
Connor, U. 1996. Contrastive rhetoric: Cross-cultural aspects of second-language writing. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Connor, U. and Asenavage, K.. 1994. Peer response groups in ESL writing classes: How much impact on revision? Journal of Second Language Writing. 3.257276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cope, B. and Kalantzis, M. (eds.) 1993. The powers of literacy: A genre approach to teaching writing. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Cumming, A. 1995. Fostering writing expertise in ESL composition instruction: Modeling and evaluation. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood NJ: Ablex. 375397.Google Scholar
Cumming, A. and So, S.. 1996. Tutoring second language text revision: Does the approach to instruction or the language of communication make a difference? Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.197226.Google Scholar
de Guerrero, M. and Villamil, O.. 1994. Social-cognitive dimensions of interaction in L2 peer revision. Modern Language Journal. 78.484496.Google Scholar
Dysthe, O. 1996. The multivoiced classroom. Written Communication. 13.385425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edge, J. 1996. Cross-cultural paradoxes in a profession of values. TESOL Quarterly. 30.930.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elley, W. B. 1994. Acquiring literacy in a second language: The effect of book-based programs. In Cumming, A. H. (ed.) Bilingual performance in reading and writing. Ann Arbor: Research Club in Language Learning. 331366.Google Scholar
Ferris, D. 1995a. Student reactions to teacher response in multiple-draft composition classrooms. TESOL Quarterly. 29.3353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferris, D. 1995b. Teaching students to self-edit. TESOL Journal. 4.4.1822.Google Scholar
Ferris, D. 1997. The influence of teacher commentary on student revision. TESOL Quarterly. 31.315339.Google Scholar
Flowerdew, J. 1993. An educational, or process, approach to the teaching of professional genres. ELT Journal. 47.305316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, H. 1994. Listening to the world: Cultural issues in academic writing. Urbana IL: National Council of Teachers of English.Google Scholar
Freedman, A. 1993. Show and tell? The role of explicit teaching in the learning of new genres. Research in the Teaching of English. 27.222251.Google Scholar
Freedman, A. and Medway, P. (eds.) 1994. Learning and teaching genre. Portsmouth NH: Boynton/Cook Heinemann.Google Scholar
Gajdusek, L. and van Dommelen, D.. 1993. Literature and critical thinking in the composition classroom. In Carson, J. G. and Leki, I. (eds.) Reading in the composition classroom. Boston: Heinle and Heinle. 197217.Google Scholar
Hall, C. 1995. There are myths and then there are myths. Comments on Joy Reid's “Responding to ESL students' texts: The myths of appropriation.” TESOL Quarterly. 29.159163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedgcock, J. and Atkinson, D.. 1993. Differing reading-writing relationships in LI and L2 literacy development? TESOL Quarterly. 27.329333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedgcock, J. and Lefkowitz, N.. 1994. Feedback on feedback: Assessing learner receptivity to teacher response in L2 composing. Journal of Second Language Writing. 3.141163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedgcock, J. 1996. Some input on input: Two analyses of student response to expert feedback on L2 writing. Modern Language Journal. 80.287308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirsch, L. 1996. Mainstreaming ESL students: A counterintuitive perspective. College ESL. 6.2.1226.Google Scholar
Holmes, V. L. and Moulton, M. R.. 1995. A contrarian view of dialogue journals: The case of a reluctant participant. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.223251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hyon, S. 1996. Genre in three traditions: Implications for ESL. TESOL Quarterly. 30.693722.Google Scholar
Jacoby, S., Leech, D. and Holten, C.. 1995. A genre-based developmental writing course for undergraduate ESL science majors. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 351373.Google Scholar
Johns, A. 1993. Written argumentation for real audiences: Suggestions for teacher research and classroom practice. TESOL Quarterly. 27.7590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johns, A. 1995a. Teaching classroom and authentic genres: Initiating students into academic cultures and discourses. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood NJ: Ablex. 277291.Google Scholar
Johns, A. 1995b. Genre and pedagogical purpose. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.181190.Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. B. 1966. Cultural thought patterns in inter-cultural education. Language Learning. 16.120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirsch, G. and Ritchie, J. S.. 1995. Beyond the personal: Theorizing a politics of location in composition research. College Composition and Communication. 46.730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knoblauch, C. H. and Brannon, L.. 1993. Critical teaching and the idea of literacy. Portsmouth NH: Boynton/Cook.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, H. and Rinnert, C.. 1996. Factors affecting composition evaluation in an EFL context: Cultural rhetorical pattern and readers' background. Language Learning. 46.397437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kress, G. 1993. Genre as social process. In Cope, B. and Kalantzis, M. (eds.) The powers of literacy: A genre approach to teaching writing. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. 2237.Google Scholar
Leki, I. 1995. Coping strategies of ESL students in writing tasks across the curriculum. TESOL Quarterly. 29.235260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leki, I. 1996. L2 composing: Strategies and perceptions. In Leeds, B. (ed.) Writing in a second language: Insights from first and second language teaching and research. New York: Longman/Addison-Wesley. 2736.Google Scholar
Leki, I. 1997. Cross-talk: ESL issues and contrastive rhetoric. In Severino, C., Guerra, J. C., and Butler, J. E. (eds.) Writing in multicultural settings. New York: Modern Language Association. 234244.Google Scholar
Leki, I. and Carson, J.. 1997. “Completely different worlds”: EAP and the writing experiences of ESL students in university courses. TESOL Quarterly. 31.3970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, R. and Hart, R. S.. 1996. What can the World Wide Web offer ESL teachers? TESOL Journal. 6.2.510.Google Scholar
Li, X. 1996. ”Good writing” in cross-cultural context. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Lisle, B. and Mano, S.. 1997. Embracing a multicultural rhetoric. In Severino, C., Guerra, J. C., and Butler, J. E. (eds.) Writing in multicultural settings. New York: Modern Language Association. 1226.Google Scholar
Littlewood, W. 1995. Writing and reading as a joint journey through ideas. In Tickoo, M. L. (ed.) Reading and writing: Theory into practice. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. 421437.Google Scholar
Littlewood, W. 1996. Academic writing in intercultural contexts: Integrating conventions and personal voice. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics. 1.1.118.Google Scholar
Lockhart, C. and Ng, P.. 1995. Analyzing talk in ESL peer response groups: Stances, functions, and content. Language Learning. 45.605665.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Makino, T. 1993. Learner self-correction in EFL written compositions. ELT Journal. 47.337341.Google Scholar
Martin, J. R. and Rothery, J.. 1993. Grammar: Making meaning in writing. In Cope, B. and Kalantzis, M. (eds.) The powers of literacy: A genre approach to teaching writing. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. 137153.Google Scholar
McGroarty, M. and Zhu, W.. 1997. Triangulation in classroom research: A study of peer revision. Language Learning. 47.143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendonca, C. and Johnson, K. E.. 1994. Peer review negotiations: Revision activities in ESL writing instruction. TESOL Quarterly. 28.745769.Google Scholar
Miller, L. J. 1996. Their name are Juan and Rosa: Understanding and responding to noun number errors in ESL writing. TESOL Journal. 6.2.2023.Google Scholar
Mohan, B.A. and Lo, W. A.. 1985. Academic writing and Chinese students: Transfer and developmental factors. TESOL Quarterly. 19.515534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moulton, M. R. and Holmes, V. L.. 1994. Writing in a multicultural classroom: Using dialogue journals to ease transitions. College ESL. 4.2.1225.Google Scholar
Newman, M. 1996. Correctness and its conceptions: The meaning of language form for basic writers. Journal of Basic Writing. 15.2338.Google Scholar
Paltridge, B. 1996. Genre, text type, and the language learning classroom. ELT Journal. 47.305316.Google Scholar
Parry, K. 1996. Culture, literacy, and reading. TESOL Quarterly. 30.665692.Google Scholar
Peirce, B. N. 1995. The theory of methodology in qualitative research. TESOL Quarterly. 29.569576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pennington, M. 1992. Beyond off-the-shelf computer remedies for student writers: Alternatives to canned feedback. System. 20.423437.Google Scholar
Pennington, M. 1995. The teacher change cycle. TESOL Quarterly. 29.705731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pennington, M., Brock, M. N. and Yue, F.. 1996. Explaining Hong Kong students' response to process writing: An exploration of causes and outcomes. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.227252.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. 1994. The cultural politics of English as an international language. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Pennycook, A. 1996. Borrowing others' words: Text, ownership, memory, and plagiarism. TESOL Quarterly. 30.201230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peyton, J. K. and Staton, J.. 1993. Dialogue journals in the multilingual classroom: Building languagefluency and writing skills through written interaction. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
Peyton, J. K., et al. 1994. Implementing writing workshop with ESOL students: Visions and realities. TESOL Quarterly. 28.469487.Google Scholar
Porte, G. 1996. When writing fails: How academic context and past learning experiences shape revision. System. 24.107116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peyton, J. K. 1997. The etiology of poor second language writing: The influence of perceived teacher preference on second language revision strategies. Journal of Second Language Writing. 6.6178.Google Scholar
Prior, P. 1995. Redefining the task: An ethnographic examination of writing and response in graduate seminars. In Belcher, D. and Braine, G. (eds.) Academic writing in a second language. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. 4782.Google Scholar
Purves, A. 1992. The IEA study of written composition II: Education and performance in fourteen countries. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Raimes, A. 1995. Ten steps in planning a writing course and training teachers of writing. In Tickoo, M. L. (ed.) Reading and writing: Theory into practice. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. 514527.Google Scholar
Raimes, A. 1996a. Teaching Composition to ESL Students: Strategies and Tip Sheets. In Sofer, N. Z. and Raimes, A.. Instructor's support package for Keys for Writers. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 3768.Google Scholar
Raimes, A. 1996b. Your theory is showing: Writing in the language class. In Storey, P., et al. (eds.) Issues in language in education: Selected papers from ILEC '95. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Institute of Education. 116.Google Scholar
Ramanathan, V. and Kaplan, R. B.. 1996. Audience and voice in current LI composition texts: Some implications for ESL student writers. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.2134.Google Scholar
Reichelt, M. and Silva, T.. 1995/1996. Cross-cultural composition. TESOL Journal. 5.2.1619.Google Scholar
Reid, J. 1993. Teaching ESL writing. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Reid, J. 1994. Responding to ESL students' texts: The myth of appropriation. TESOL Quarterly. 28.273292.Google Scholar
Reid, J. and Powers, J.. 1993. Extending the benefits of small group collaboration to the ESL writer. TESOL Journal. 2.4.2532.Google Scholar
Reid, J. and Kroll, B.. 1995. Designing and assessing effective classroom writing assignments for NES and ESL students. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.1741.Google Scholar
Reppen, R. 1994/1995. A genre-based approach to content writing instruction. TESOL Journal. 4.2.3235.Google Scholar
Rothery, J. 1995. Reading and writing narrative: What can we teach in English? In Tickoo, M. L. (ed.) Reading and writing: Theory into practice. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. 281299.Google Scholar
Sadarangani, U. 1994. Teaching multicultural issues in the composition classroom: A review of recent practice. Journal of Teaching Writing. 13.12.3354.Google Scholar
Santos, T. 1992. Ideology in composition: LI and ESL. Journal of Second Language Writing. 1.115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schenke, A. 1996. Not just a “social issue”: Teaching feminist in ESL. TESOL Quarterly. 30.155159.Google Scholar
Scollon, R. 1994. As a matter of fact: The changing ideology of authorship and responsibility in discourse. World Englishes. 13.3346.Google Scholar
Sengupta, S. 1996. A study of the influences of the systematic teaching of revision on the L2 learners in a secondary school in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong. PhD diss.Google Scholar
Severino, C. 1993. The sociopolitical implications of response to second language and second dialect writing. Journal of Second Language Writing. 2.181201.Google Scholar
Severino, C. 1994. Inadvertently and intentionally poetic ESL writing. Journal of Basic Writing. 13.1832.Google Scholar
Severino, C. 1997. Two approaches to “cultural text”: Toward multicultural literacy. In Severino, C., Guerra, J. C. and Butler, J. E. (eds.) Writing in multicultural settings. New York: Modern Language Association. 106–117.Google Scholar
Shi, L. and Cumming, A.. 1995. Teachers' conceptions of second language writing instruction: Five case studies. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.87111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, T. 1994. An examination of options for the placement of ESL students in first year writing classes. Writing Program Administration. 18.3743.Google Scholar
Silva, T. 1997. On the ethical treatment of ESL writers. TESOL Quarterly. 31.359363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, T., Leki, I. and Carson, J.. 1997. Broadening the perspective of mainstream composition studies. Written Communication. 14.398428.Google Scholar
Silver, N. and Repa, J.. 1993. The effect of word processing on the quality of writing and self esteem of secondary school English as a second language students: Writing without censure. Journal of Educational Computing Research. 9.265283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smoke, T. 1994. Writing as a means of learning. College ESL. 4.2.111.Google Scholar
Spack, R. 1993. Student meets text, text meets student: Finding a way into academic discourse. In Carson, J.G. and Leki, I. (eds.) Reading in the composition classroom: Second language perspectives. Boston: Heinle and Heinle. 183196.Google Scholar
Spack, R. 1994. English as a second language. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. [Blair resources for teaching writing: English as a second language.]Google Scholar
Spack, R. 1997. The acquisition of academic literacy in a second language. Written Communication. 14.362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sperling, D. 1996. ESL help center. Available: <http://www.pacificnet.net/~Sperling/wwwboard2/wwwboard.html>Google Scholar
Susser, B. 1994. Process approaches in ESL/EFL writing instruction. Journal of Second Language Writing. 3.3147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talburt, S. 1995. Dialogue journals in adult ESL: Exploring and creating possibilities. College ESL. 5.2.6782.Google Scholar
Truscott, J. 1996. The case against grammar correction in L2 writing classes. Language Learning. 46.327369.Google Scholar
Uzawa, K. 1996. Second language learners' processes of LI writing, L2 writing, and translation from LI into L2. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.271294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vandrick, S. 1994. Feminist pedagogy and ESL. College ESL. 4.2.6992.Google Scholar
Vandrick, S. 1995. Privileged ESL university students. TESOL Quarterly. 29.375380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vandrick, S. 1996. Issues in using multicultural literature in college ESL writing classes. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.253269.Google Scholar
Villamil, O. S. and de Guerrero, M. C. M.. 1996. Peer revision in the L2 classroom: Social-cognitive activities, mediating strategies, and aspects of social behavior. Journal of Second Language Writing. 5.5175.Google Scholar
Weissberg, B. 1994. Speaking of writing: Some functions of talk in the ESL composition class. Journal of Second Language Writing. 3.121139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, R. (ed.) 1995. New ways in teaching writing. Alexandria,VA: TESOL.Google Scholar
Wiley, T. G. and Lukes, M.. 1996. English-only and standard English ideologies in the U.S. TESOL Quarterly. 30.511535.Google Scholar
Young, M. W., Arroyo, P. L. and Brown, M. A.. 1994. Stimulating writing in ESL/bilingual classrooms. Journal of Educational Issues of Language Minority Students. 13.163174. Retrieved May 23, 1997 from the World Wide Web: <http://www.ncbe.gwu.edu/miscpubs/jeilms/vol13/stimul13.html>Google Scholar
Zamel, V. 1993. Questioning academic discourse. College ESL. 3.1.2839.Google Scholar
Zamel, V. 1995. Strangers in academia: The experiences of faculty and ESL students across the curriculum. College Composition and Communication. 46.506521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zamel, V. 1996. Transcending boundaries: Complicating the scene of teaching. College ESL. 6.2.111.Google Scholar
Zamel, V. 1997. Toward a model of transculturation. TESOL Quarterly. 31.341352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, S. 1995. Reexamining the affective advantage of peer feedback in the ESL writing class. Journal of Second Language Writing. 4.209222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar