Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T10:37:24.544Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Language-in-Education Planning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2008

D. E. Ingram
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

This paper attempts to survey language-in-education planning in the 1980s drawing on both formal publications and the more “ephemeral” but often more directky influential documents of government education departments and other authorities. Two problems are immediately evident: first, the influential ephemeral documents are hard to obtain. The second problem in surveying language-in-education planning is symptomatic of language policy-making in general; it is necessary to differentiate between, on the one hand, policy which is little more than uncoordinated good or bad ideas, limited in the range of needs that it seeks to answer, or incidental to policy serving other purposee (e.g., immigration policy) and, on the other hand, systematic, formalized language-in-education planning (cf., Rist 1982). This paper also focuses on only that part of language-in-education policy concerned with second or foreign language teaching and learning; other papers in this volume deal with the areas of literacy and bilingual education.

Type
Language in Education
Information
Annual Review of Applied Linguistics , Volume 10 , March 1989 , pp. 53 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Unannotated Bibliography

Aldenhoff, J., Hartmann, A., and Kefer, M.. 1987. Das Deutsche als Wissenschaftssprache-Inwieweit brauchen Forscher und akademiker Deutschkenntnisse? [German as a language of science: How much do researchers and academicians need knowledge of German?] Germanistische mitteilungen. 26.69–82.Google Scholar
Anderson, H. H. and Rhodes, N. C.. 1983. Immersion and other innovations in U.S. elementary schools. In Savignon, S. J. and Berns, M. S. (eds.) Communicative language teaching: Where are we going? Urbana, Language Leaming Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 167–181.Google Scholar
Asian Studies Council. 1989. Asia in Australian higher education: Report of the inquiry into the teaching of Asian studies and languages in Australia. Canberra: Asian Studies Council.Google Scholar
Baldauf, R. B. 1984. The materials development problem in planned language modernization programs. Mimeo. [ED246665.]Google Scholar
Barkho, L. Y. 1984. Arabicization and the role of English language teaching in Arab universities with special reference to the Iraqi experiment. In Proceedings of the 3rd annual linguistics conference. Irbid, Jordan, April. [ED271015.]Google Scholar
Bauer, N. J. 1987. American education and global interdependence: On the need for a transcendent language. Paper to the 12th annual meeting of the Society of Educators and Scholars. Charleston, IL: Eastern Illinois University. October. Mimeo. [ED287299.]Google Scholar
Beauchamp, E. R. 1985. Bilingual education policy: An international perspective. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa.Google Scholar
Benton, R.Language policy in New Zealand, 1840–1982. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.Google Scholar
Benton, R. 1987. Language rights in a Philippine setting: A backgound paper prepared for Media Communicators Incorporated, Makati, Metro-Manila. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Benton, R. 1988. The Matawaia declaration: Some education and administrative implications. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.Google Scholar
Bordeleau, L.-G. et al. , 1980. Les ecoles secondaires de langue francaise en Ontario. [Secondary French language schools in Ontario.] Toronoto: Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities.Google Scholar
Bottani, N. 1986. Language planning policies in the OECD member countries. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Foundation, San Francisco, April. Mimeo. [ED278269.]Google Scholar
Bouffard, E. N. 1980. Foreign language study in the U.S. Foreign language annals. 13.4.309–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brod, R. I. 1980. Language study for the 1980's: Reports of the MLA-ACLS language task forces. New York: Modern Language Association of America and American Council of Learned Societire.Google Scholar
Castro, R. E. 1981. Meeting America's language needs: Foreign language teaching and bilingual education. Paper presented at a meeting of the National Council on Education Research. Mimeo. [ED206201.]Google Scholar
Clyne, M. 1983. Bilingual education as a model for community languages in primary scholls. Journal of intercultural studies. 4.2.23–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corvalan, G. 1981. Bilingualism in education in Paraguay: Is it creative or oppressive? Revista paraguaya de sociologia. [Paraguayan journal of sociology.] 18.52.179–200.Google Scholar
Crampton, D. 1986. Language policy in Kenya. Rassegna Italiana di linguistica applicata. [Italian journal of applied linguistics.] 18.3.109–122.Google Scholar
Cross, D. 1987. A language policy for EFL? System. 15.1.43–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curiel, H. 1987. Legalizing the status of English: A new form of oppression for language minority groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwestern Social Sciences Association. Mimeo. [ED281704.]Google Scholar
Department of Education and Science. 1989b. National curriculum: From policy to practice. York: National Curriculum Council.Google Scholar
Edwards, D. G. 1983. Welsh-medium education. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 2.3-4.249–257.Google Scholar
Edwards, J. R. 1981. The context of bilingual education. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 2.1.25–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, C. R. 1985. Bilingualism, foreign languages and universities. The journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education. 9.3.1–4.Google Scholar
Garcia, R. L. 1987. Global perspectives on language policy and education. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Advocates for Language Learning, Washington, Octocber. Mimeo. [ED288357.]Google Scholar
Girard, D. and Trim, J. L. M.. 1988. Learning and teaching modern languages for communication. Strabourg: Council for Cultural Co-operation of the Council of Europe. [Council of Europe Project No. 12: Final report of the project group.]Google Scholar
Gonzalez, R. D. et al. , 1988. The English language amendment: Examining myths. English journal. 77.3.24–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goyvaerts, D. L. et al. , 1983. Language and education policy in the multilingual city of Bukavu. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 4.1.47–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddad, W. D. 1981. The World Bank's education sector policy paper: A summary. Comparative education. 17.2.127–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamayan, E. 1986. The need foreign language competence in the United States. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics. Mimeo. [ERIC Digest.]Google Scholar
Henne, D. 1986. Brief history of the Summer Institute of Linguistics in Central America. Winak: Boletin intercultural. 2.1.31–35.Google Scholar
Huebner, T. 1986. Vernacular literacy, English as a language of wider communication, and language shift in American Samoa. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 7.5.393–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1980a. Applied linguistics: A search for insight. In Kaplan, R. B. (ed.) On the scope of applied linguistics. Rowley, MA: Newbury House. 37–56.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1980b. Community attitudes to language learning in schools. Paper presented at the AFMLTS National Languages Conferences, Sydney, August. Mimeo. [ED198701.]Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1983. Aspects of a national language policy. Babel. 18.3.3–36.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1984. Observations on language education on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands: Report to the administrator. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1987. Language policy and economic and social development. Paper presented at the RELC regional seminar on the role of language in human resource development. Reprinted in Das, B. K. (ed.) Language education in human resource development. Singapore: Regional Language Centre. [Anthology Series 20.]Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1988a. Decision-making, policy and languages in Australia. Paper presented at the National Conference on multiculturalism, languages and education: Resources for the economic and social renewal of Australia, Flinders University, Adelaide, December. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. 1988b. Language policy in Australia. Paper presented at the XVIth FIPLV world congress on language teaching. Canberra, January, Reprinted in Babel. 23.1.16–24.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. Forthcoming. Language policy making.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E. In preparation. National Language centres. Paper for the Federation internationale des professeurs de langues vivantes.Google Scholar
Ingram, D. E., Stanley, J., and Chittick, G.. 1989. Languages and trade. Research report presented to the Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Educstion. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Jernudd, B. H. and Jo, S.-H.. 1985. Bilingualism as a resource in the United States. In Kaplan, R. B. et al. , (eds.) Annual review of applied linguistics, VI. New York: Cambridge University Press. 10–18.Google Scholar
Judd, E. S. 1983. TESOL as a political act: A moral question. Paper presented at the 17th annual TESOL Conference, Toronto, March. Mimeo. [ED227258.] [Also available in Handscombe, J. et al. , (eds.) 1983. On TESOL'83: The question of control. Washington, DC: TESOL Publications.]Google Scholar
Kaplan, R. B. 1980. The language needs of migrant workers. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.Google Scholar
Klarberg, M. 1983. Diglossic education: The Jewish tradition, some Australian manifestations and their implications. Journal of intercultural studies. 4.2.55–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laughlin, M. A. 1982. A political focus on issues in bilingual education: Comparative views from selected countries from around the world. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Association of Interdisciplinary and Ethnic Studies. [ED216053.]Google Scholar
Lo Bianco, J. 1989. Brekthrough: Languages Institute of Australia. Vox. 3.5–8.Google Scholar
Mackey, W. F. 1978. Schedules for language background, behaviour and policy profiles. Quebec: International Center for Research on Bilingualism, Laval University. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Mbuyi, D. M. 1987. Beyond policy and language choice: An analysis of texts in four instructional contexts in East Africa. Buffalo, NY: Comparative Education Center, State University of New York. Mimeo.Google Scholar
McFerren, M. 1984. Arabization in the Maghreb: Special report. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics. Mimeo.Google Scholar
McMeniman, M. M. 1983. The why and how of a national policy for language education—a social perspective. Babel. 18.3.43–45.Google Scholar
Mercurio, A. 1989. A national assessment framework for languages at senior secondary school leave. Adelaide: NAFLSSL Project. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Mery-Gorrie, R. 1987. Governmental policy and languages for special purposes in Canada. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Mimeo. [ED285384.]Google Scholar
National Advisory Council on Bilingual Education. 1981. The prospects for bilingual education in the nation. Washington, DC: National Advisory Council for Bilingual Education. [Fifth annual report of the National Advisory Council for Bilingual Education.]Google Scholar
Ndoma, U. 1984. National language policy in education in Zaire. Language problems and language planning. 8.2.172–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
New South Wales Department of Education. 1988. National conference on teacher supply for Japanese and Mandarin in Australian schools. Sydney: Department of Education.Google Scholar
Noah, H. J. 1983. Educational policy for linguistic and cultural minorities: The state and the individual. Mimeo. [ED231222.]Google Scholar
O'Banchalla, S. 1984. Educational policy and the role of the Irish language from 1831 to 1981. European journal of education. 19.1.75–90.Google Scholar
Ovando, C. J. 1988. English only movement: Confrontation with diversity. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Association for Bilingual Education, April. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Padilla, R. V. 1981. A framework for the analysis of bilingual education public policy. Ypsilanti, MI: Eastern Michigan University. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Pattanayak, D. P. 1986. Language and the educational policy of India. New language planning newsletter. 1.1.1–2.Google Scholar
Paulston, C. B. 1980. Bilingual education theories and issues. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.Google Scholar
Perkins, J. A. 1979. Report of the President's commission on foreign language and international studies. Foreign language annals. 12.6.457–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfeiffer, W. 1982. Policy, methodology and effciency of foreign language teaching. Glottodidactica. 15.105–109.Google Scholar
Qantas Airways. 1988. The Qantas $5 million investment in Asian language skills. In New South Wales Department of Education National conference on teacher supply for Japanese and Mandarin in Australian schools. Sydney: New South Wales Department of Education.Google Scholar
Reagan, T. 1984a. Language policy, politics and ideology: The case of South Africa. Issues in education. 2.2.155–164.Google Scholar
Reagan, T. 1984b. “language question” in the history of South African education. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Mimeo. [ED245978.]Google Scholar
Reagan, T. 1987. The politics of linguistic apartheid: Language policies in black education in South Africa. The journal of Negro education. 56.3.299–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rist, R. C. 1982. Bilingual education: A policy-based research agenda for the 1980's. The urban review. 14.2.93–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, D. 1988. Language policy and planning. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics. Mimeo. [ERIC Digest.]Google Scholar
Rubagumya, C. M. 1986. Language planning in the Tanzanian educational system: Problems and prospects. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 7.4.283–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz, R. 1984. Orientations in language planning. The journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education. 8.2.15–34.Google Scholar
Russo, C. and Baldauf, R. B. Jr, 1986. Language development without planning: A case study of tribal aborigines in the Northern Territory, Australia. Journal of multilingual and multicultural development. 7.4.310–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schecter, S. 1980. Teaching EFL in a unilingual Quebec. Canadian modern language review. 36.2.201–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Secretary of State. 1986. Summary of Federal-provincial and Federal-territorial agreements for minority-language education and second-language instruction 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86. Ottawa: Secretary of Satate. Mimeo.Google Scholar
Senate Standing Committee on Education and the Arts. A national language policy. Canberra: Australian Goverenment Publishing Service.Google Scholar
Siguan, M. 1984. Language and education in Catalonia. Prospects. 14.1.107–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silver, B. D. 1985. Language policy and practice in the Soviet Union. Social education. 49.2.107–110.Google Scholar
Simon, R. I and Willinsky, J.. 1980. Behind a high school literacy policy: The surfacing of a hidden curriculum. Journal of education. 162.1.111–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smitherman-Donaldson, G. 1987. Opinion toward a national public policy on language. College English. 49.1.29–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smolicz, J. J. 1984. National language policy in the Philippines: A comparatvie study of the education status of colonial and indigenous languages with special reference to minority tongues. South East Asian journal of social science. 12.2.51–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
South East Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Language Centre. 1983. Specialized bibliography No. 25: Language planning in South East Asia. Singapore: Regional Language Cetre.Google Scholar
Spolsky, B. 1985. Overcoming language barriers to education in a multilingual world. Paper presented at the symposium of education marking the 75th anniversary of the founding of the city of Tel-Aviv. Mimeo. [ED260150.]Google Scholar
Stalker, J. C. 1988. Official English or English only. English journal. 77.3.18–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Standing Committee on Multiclturalism. 1987. Multiculturalism: Buiding the Canadian mosaic. Ottawa: Canadian Governement Publishing Centre. [Report of the Standing Committee on Multiculturalism of the House of Commons.]Google Scholar
St. Clair, R. and Leap, W. (eds.) 1982. Language renewal among American Indian tribes: Issues, problems. Arlington, VA: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.Google Scholar
Sussex, R. 1989. The Languages Institute of Australia: A model to mobilize Australia's language resources. Vox. 3.9–13.Google Scholar
Swing, E. S. 1981. The politicolinguistics of education in Belgium. Word. 32.3.213–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szepe, G. 1984. Mother tongue, language policy and education. Prospects: Quarterly review of education. 14.1.63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tam, P. t-k. 1986. The impact of governmental and institutional language policy and practices on the individual's choice of the instructional medium in schools in Hong Kong. Paper presented to the 67th annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco, April. Mimeo. [ED271869.]Google Scholar
Treffgarne, C. 1981 The World Bank on language and education: A lot more could be done. Comparative education. 17.2.163–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trim, J. L. M. 1987. Foreword. In Wilkins, D. A.. The educational value of foreign language learning. Strabourg: Council for Cultural Cooperation of the Council of Europe. 2–7.Google Scholar
Tucker, G. R. et al. , 1983. Exploring strategies for developing a cohesive national direction toward language education in the United States. Arlington, VA: National Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education.Google Scholar
Underwood, R. A. 1981. Bilingual education in a developing Pacific region: Why? Berkeley, CA: National Association for Asian and Pacific American Education. [ED212748.]Google Scholar
UNESCO. 1981. Workshop on the problems to the language of instrucation in multilingual countries in Asia and the Pacific. Paris: UNESCO. Mimeo.Google Scholar
van Riji, G. and Sieben, C.. 1987. The effects of regionalist ideas on language policy: Some developments in language policy in Wales, Brittany and Friesland. International journal of the sociology of language. 64.47–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, J. K. P.Cultural Pluralism, nation-building and education policies in peninsular Malaysia. Journal of multilingual and multicultral development. 1.2.155–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zapp, F. J. 1986. An educational-political comment on second language instruction. Neusprachliche mitteilungen aus wissenschaft und praxis. [Modern language reports from theoretical and applied science.] 39.3.139–141.Google Scholar